{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:36:05Z","timestamp":1787016965656,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The current hepatitis A outbreak in Europe is largely involving men having sex with multiple male partners. The objective of the present report was to warn teams dealing against the persistent risk of viral and bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STIs) in patients receiving HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We have notified and investigated three cases of acute hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection in people receiving HIV PrEP in our clinic between December 2016 and March 2017. The patients were not epidemiologically related, had no recent travel history to HAV endemic areas, reported multiple STIs during this period and had not been vaccinated against HAV. They were all identified as genotype A, strain VRD_521_2016 virus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Large-scale vaccination against viral hepatitis is recommended in men having sex with men, especially in those using PrEP, as PrEP is used by people who have high-risk sexual behaviour.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2017-222248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]],"date-time":"2018-01-11T04:59:32Z","timestamp":1515646772000},"page":"bcr-2017-222248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Hepatitis A infections in men who have sex with men using HIV PrEP in Paris"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Pauline","family":"Penot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Alice","family":"Colombier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Maylin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Michel","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025042702282891000_2018.jan11_1.bcr-2017-222248.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beebeejaun K , Degala S , Balogun K , et al . Outbreak of hepatitis A associated with men who have sex with men (MSM), England, July 2016 to January 2017. Euro Surveill 2017;22.doi:10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.5.30454","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.5.30454"},{"key":"2025042702282891000_2018.jan11_1.bcr-2017-222248.2","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Hepatitis A outbreaks in the EU\/EEA mostly affecting men who have sex with men. 2016."},{"key":"2025042702282891000_2018.jan11_1.bcr-2017-222248.3","first-page":"163","article-title":"An outbreak of hepatitis A among young men associated with having sex in public venues","volume":"4","author":"Bell","year":"2001","journal-title":"Commun Dis Public Health"},{"key":"2025042702282891000_2018.jan11_1.bcr-2017-222248.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.282.6277.1666"},{"key":"2025042702282891000_2018.jan11_1.bcr-2017-222248.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Urbanus AT , van Houdt R , van de Laar TJ , et al . Viral hepatitis among men who have sex with men, epidemiology and public health consequences. Euro Surveill 2009;14.doi:10.2807\/ese.14.47.19421-en","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.14.47.19421-en"},{"key":"2025042702282891000_2018.jan11_1.bcr-2017-222248.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Freidl GS , Sonder GJ , Bov\u00e9e LP , et al . Hepatitis A outbreak among men who have sex with men (MSM) predominantly linked with the EuroPride, the Netherlands, July 2016 to February 2017. Euro Surveill 2017;22.doi:10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.8.30468","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.8.30468"},{"key":"2025042702282891000_2018.jan11_1.bcr-2017-222248.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Werber D , Michaelis K , Hausner M , et al . Ongoing outbreaks of hepatitis A among men who have sex with men (MSM), Berlin, November 2016 to January 2017 - linked to other German cities and European countries. Euro Surveill 2017;22.doi:10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.5.30457","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.5.30457"},{"key":"2025042702282891000_2018.jan11_1.bcr-2017-222248.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2251","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001185","article-title":"Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV infection and new sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men","volume":"30","author":"Kojima","year":"2016","journal-title":"AIDS"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2017-222248","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T05:28:40Z","timestamp":1745731720000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2017-222248"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]]},"references-count":8,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2017-222248"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2017-222248","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]]}}}