{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T04:03:45Z","timestamp":1790568225131,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Leprosy and tuberculosis (TB) are endemic to India, however, their coinfection is not frequently encountered in clinical practice. Here, we report a 32-year-old female patient who presented with a history of high-grade intermittent fever, cough and painless skin lesions since a month, along with bilateral claw hand (on examination). The haematological profile was suggestive of anaemia of chronic disease, chest radiograph showed consolidation, sputum smears were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and skin slit smear confirmed leprosy. The patient was prescribed WHO recommended multidrug therapy for multibacillary leprosy with three drugs. Additionally, prednisolone was added to her regimen for 2\u2009weeks to treat the type 2 lepra reaction. For treatment of TB, she was placed on the standard 6-month short course chemotherapy. She was lost to follow-up, and attempts were made to contact her. Later, it came to our notice that she had discontinued medications and passed away 3\u2009months after diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2017-222352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,15]],"date-time":"2018-03-15T09:32:17Z","timestamp":1521106337000},"page":"bcr-2017-222352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Coinfection of leprosy and tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Seema","family":"Shetty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5210-7457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shashikiran","family":"Umakanth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhawani","family":"Manandhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Grande International Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pankaj Bahadur","family":"Nepali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Grande International Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082800000141000_2018.mar15_1.bcr-2017-222352.1","unstructured":"National Leprosy Eradication Programme (NLEP)\u2014progress report for the year 2013-14 [Internet]. 2017."},{"key":"2025082800000141000_2018.mar15_1.bcr-2017-222352.2","unstructured":"Annual TB Report 2015\u2014WHO South-East Asia\u2014World Health Organisation. 2017. http:\/\/www.searo.who.int\/tb\/annual-tb-report-2015.pdf"},{"key":"2025082800000141000_2018.mar15_1.bcr-2017-222352.3","first-page":"405","article-title":"Global leprosy update, 2015: time for action, accountability and inclusion","volume":"91","year":"2015","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"2025082800000141000_2018.mar15_1.bcr-2017-222352.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.47276\/lr.85.4.288","article-title":"Leprosy and tuberculosis concomitant infection: a poorly understood, age-old relationship","volume":"85","author":"Rawson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"},{"key":"2025082800000141000_2018.mar15_1.bcr-2017-222352.5","first-page":"118","article-title":"Co-Infection with M. tuberculosis and M. leprae\u2014case report and systematic review","volume":"2","author":"Rajagopala","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Mycobac Dis"},{"key":"2025082800000141000_2018.mar15_1.bcr-2017-222352.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2004.2966"},{"key":"2025082800000141000_2018.mar15_1.bcr-2017-222352.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moschella S , Garcia-Albea V . 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