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Treatment included daily plasmapheresis and prednisolone, with favourable clinical evolution. Antibodies anti-ADAMTS13 were positive, establishing the diagnosis of acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. There was also serological evidence of a recent infection by <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, and therefore the preceding respiratory tract infection by this agent was the most likely trigger for the disease. Due to the high mortality rate and poor outcomes, the prompt diagnostic and treatment are crucial in this rare disease. The identification of triggers related to this pathology can allow new therapeutic targets or preventive strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2017-222582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,17]],"date-time":"2018-03-17T03:35:14Z","timestamp":1521257714000},"page":"bcr-2017-222582","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Thrombotic microangiopathy associated with <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/i> infection"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6024-9172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipa","family":"Caeiro Alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hospital do Espirito Santo de \u00c9vora EPE, \u00c9vora, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rute","family":"Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hospital do Espirito 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