{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T09:23:48Z","timestamp":1762507428801,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Raoultella ornithinolytica<\/jats:italic> is a rare opportunistic aerobic gram-negative bacillus that naturally exists in soil, water and plants. The pathogen has been described in association with diabetic foot infections, biliary infections, bacteraemia and native and prosthetic joint infections. Fat necrosis and wound infection following breast reduction surgery or other plastic surgeries caused by this pathogen have not been previously described. We present a case of bilateral fat necrosis, wound infection and dehiscence in a 24-year-old woman with no significant past medical problems. She initially had an uneventful early postoperative course but 3\u2009weeks after surgery noticed pain and discharge from both nipple\/areola area of both breasts which later developed into full-thickness fat necrosis and complete destruction of the nipple areolar complex. <jats:italic>R. ornithinolytica<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic> were identified from wound exudate cultures. She was treated with surgical debridement and 2\u2009weeks of appropriate antibiotics with a favourable outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-224234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]],"date-time":"2018-06-04T03:30:43Z","timestamp":1528083043000},"page":"bcr-2018-224234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Fat necrosis and polymicrobial wound infection caused partly by <i>Raoultella ornithinolytica<\/i> after reduction mammoplasty"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3680-1278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Folusakin","family":"Ayoade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7855-7982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pradeep Kumar","family":"Mada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082704051365000_2018.jun01_1.bcr-2018-224234.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.3109\/00016357.2013.770163","article-title":"Detection of sulphate-reducing bacteria in human saliva","volume":"71","author":"Heggendorn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"key":"2025082704051365000_2018.jun01_1.bcr-2018-224234.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.7.3462-3466.2002"},{"key":"2025082704051365000_2018.jun01_1.bcr-2018-224234.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-51-3-925"},{"key":"2025082704051365000_2018.jun01_1.bcr-2018-224234.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2015.0346","article-title":"Combination of tigecycline and levofloxacin for successful treatment of nosocomial pneumonia caused by New Delhi metallo-\u03b2-lactamase-1-producing Raoultella planticola","volume":"23","author":"Pan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microb Drug Resist"},{"key":"2025082704051365000_2018.jun01_1.bcr-2018-224234.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2016.02.014"},{"key":"2025082704051365000_2018.jun01_1.bcr-2018-224234.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.4046\/trd.2016.79.1.42","article-title":"A case of pneumonia caused by Raoultella planticola","volume":"79","author":"Cho","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tuberc Respir Dis"},{"key":"2025082704051365000_2018.jun01_1.bcr-2018-224234.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.4103\/0256-4947.75794","article-title":"A rare human infection of Raoultella ornithinolytica in a diabetic foot lesion","volume":"31","author":"Solak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Saudi Med"},{"key":"2025082704051365000_2018.jun01_1.bcr-2018-224234.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2016.09.008","article-title":"Septic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint caused by rare bacteria Raoultella ornithinolytica","volume":"46","author":"Levorova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"2025082704051365000_2018.jun01_1.bcr-2018-224234.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.07.003","article-title":"Raoultella ornithinolytica: an unusual pathogen for prosthetic joint infection","volume":"5","author":"Seng","year":"2016","journal-title":"IDCases"},{"key":"2025082704051365000_2018.jun01_1.bcr-2018-224234.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-016-0930-y","article-title":"Septic arthritis of the knee due to Raoultella ornithinolytica","volume":"44","author":"Venus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"2025082704051365000_2018.jun01_1.bcr-2018-224234.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001050","article-title":"Bacteremia caused by Raoultella ornithinolytica in two children","volume":"35","author":"Yamakawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"2025082704051365000_2018.jun01_1.bcr-2018-224234.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.51.8349"},{"key":"2025082704051365000_2018.jun01_1.bcr-2018-224234.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sibanda M . 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