{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T21:48:05Z","timestamp":1790891285879,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Gastric pneumatosisis a very rare site of pneumatosis intestinalis (PI), and we report this finding in a preterm female infant with cyanotic congenital heart disease. The infant was stable initially on nasal intermittent mandatory ventilation; however, torrential pulmonary flow through a large patent ductus arteriosus prompted closure using oral ibuprofen. After an episode of haematochezia, she developed PI, affecting mainly the gastric wall and small intestine with portal venous gas. Her bowel movements were regular, with no abdominal distension or significant gastric aspirates. She was haemodynamically stable with negative infective markers. Management consisted of endotracheal intubation and ventilation, gastric decompression and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Both the gastric and intestinal pneumatosis resolved within 24\u2009hours and she made an uneventful recovery. If PI is not due to necrotising enterocolitis, enteral nutrition can be initiated early and prolonged course of broad-spectrum antibiotics could have been avoided.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-224356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,29]],"date-time":"2018-03-29T02:20:14Z","timestamp":1522290014000},"page":"bcr-2018-224356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pneumatosis intestinalis in a preterm infant: should we treat all intestinal pneumatosis as necrotising enterocolitis?"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Siu Jun","family":"Chew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, KK Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajadurai Samuel","family":"Victor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, KK Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Singapore"},{"name":"Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore"},{"name":"LKC School of Medicine, Singapore"},{"name":"YLL NUS School of Medicine, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krishna Revanna","family":"Gopagondanahalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, KK Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Singapore"},{"name":"YLL NUS School of Medicine, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suresh","family":"Chandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, KK Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Singapore"},{"name":"Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore"},{"name":"LKC School of Medicine, Singapore"},{"name":"YLL NUS School of Medicine, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082803532982000_2018.mar28_2.bcr-2018-224356.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1271218"},{"key":"2025082803532982000_2018.mar28_2.bcr-2018-224356.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-008-1088-2","article-title":"Gastric pneumatosis and portal venous gas: benign findings in hypertrophic pyloric stenosis","volume":"39","author":"Bhargava","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"2025082803532982000_2018.mar28_2.bcr-2018-224356.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02388053"},{"key":"2025082803532982000_2018.mar28_2.bcr-2018-224356.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpg.0000228109.83616.44"},{"key":"2025082803532982000_2018.mar28_2.bcr-2018-224356.5","first-page":"1747","article-title":"Pneumatosis intestinalis: a review","volume":"90","author":"Heng","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025082803532982000_2018.mar28_2.bcr-2018-224356.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197801000-00001"},{"key":"2025082803532982000_2018.mar28_2.bcr-2018-224356.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-9380(87)90031-4","article-title":"Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: pathogenesis, classification, and spectrum of illness","volume":"17","author":"Kliegman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Curr Probl Pediatr"},{"key":"2025082803532982000_2018.mar28_2.bcr-2018-224356.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.115.2.225","article-title":"Extraluminal gas collections due to diseases of the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"115","author":"Nelson","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med"},{"key":"2025082803532982000_2018.mar28_2.bcr-2018-224356.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i11.1719","article-title":"Endoscopic ultrasonographic appearance of gastric emphysema","volume":"11","author":"Soon","year":"2005","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025082803532982000_2018.mar28_2.bcr-2018-224356.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2008.07.019"},{"key":"2025082803532982000_2018.mar28_2.bcr-2018-224356.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Medina G , Castillo D\u00edaz de Le\u00f3n R , Heredia-Salazar AC , et al . 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