{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T11:40:25Z","timestamp":1756294825115,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Apixaban is a factor Xa inhibitor which is a non-vitamin K dependent oral anticoagulant known tocause the lowest rate of intracranial bleeding among the same kind of inibitors. In this paper, we report a rare case in a 60-year-old man with a history of hypertension and oligodendroglioma on apixaban for deep venous thrombosis who presented to our hospital with decreased level of consciousness and slurred speech with rapid deterioration. We highlight the risk of subdural bleeding requiring immediate neurosurgical intervention due to apixaban, with literature review.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-224495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,30]],"date-time":"2018-03-30T08:10:16Z","timestamp":1522397416000},"page":"bcr-2018-224495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Apixaban-induced subdural bleeding: case presentation and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3098-4552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eman","family":"Alayad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sami","family":"Khairy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Aloraidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,30]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025082704035835000_2018.mar29_2.bcr-2018-224495.1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.11.039"},{"key":"2025082704035835000_2018.mar29_2.bcr-2018-224495.2","first-page":"34","article-title":"Intracerebral haemorrhage and subdural haematoma: 2 case reports","volume":"1574","author":"Beynon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reactions"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025082704035835000_2018.mar29_2.bcr-2018-224495.3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-015-0898-4"},{"key":"2025082704035835000_2018.mar29_2.bcr-2018-224495.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pjnns.2016.01.012","article-title":"Fatal consequences of climbing a ladder under apixaban and drunken","volume":"50","author":"St\u00f6llberger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurol Neurochir Pol"},{"key":"2025082704035835000_2018.mar29_2.bcr-2018-224495.5","first-page":"239","article-title":"[Apixaban-related convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage:a case report]","volume":"44","author":"Shimizu","year":"2016","journal-title":"No Shinkei Geka"},{"key":"2025082704035835000_2018.mar29_2.bcr-2018-224495.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e203","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000909","article-title":"Management of apixaban-associated subdural hematoma: a case report on the use of factor eight inhibitor bypassing activity","volume":"43","author":"Rinehart","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2025082704035835000_2018.mar29_2.bcr-2018-224495.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2016.11.011","article-title":"Factor Eight Inhibitor Bypassing Agent (FEIBA) for reversal of target-specific oral anticoagulants in life-threatening intracranial bleeding","volume":"52","author":"Mao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Faust AC , Tran DM , Lo C , et al . Managing nonoperable intracranial bleeding associated with apixaban: a series of 2 cases. J Pharm Pract 2018;31.doi:10.1177\/0897190017697884","key":"2025082704035835000_2018.mar29_2.bcr-2018-224495.8","DOI":"10.1177\/0897190017697884"},{"key":"2025082704035835000_2018.mar29_2.bcr-2018-224495.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858.e5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2014.12.017","article-title":"Emergency neurosurgical care in patients treated with apixaban: report of 2 cases","volume":"33","author":"Beynon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2025082704035835000_2018.mar29_2.bcr-2018-224495.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1310\/hpj5007-569","article-title":"Reversal strategies for intracranial hemorrhages in patients taking oral factor xa inhibitors","volume":"50","author":"Karli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hosp Pharm"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crowther M . ANNEXA-A: a phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, demonstrating reversal of apixaban-induced anticoagulation in older subjects by andexanet alfa (PRT064445), a universal antidote for factor Xa (fXa) inhibitors. 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