{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T15:28:15Z","timestamp":1759332495629,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD) is caused by the disruption of the tunica intima, with the formation of an intramural haematoma that can cause stenosis or occlusion of the artery\u2019s lumen, leading to reduced blood flow and secondary thrombus formation. Up to two-thirds of patients with ICAD show ophthalmological symptoms or signs, which are, frequently, the first manifestations of this clinical condition, often preceding for weeks the neurological signs of cerebral infarction. Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a rare complication of ICAD, secondary either to haemodynamic compromise, with ocular hypoperfusion and reverse flow within the ophthalmic artery, or to thromboembolic events, in rarer cases. We report a case of CRAO secondary to a spontaneous ICAD, in an otherwise healthy middle-aged patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-227952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T12:23:05Z","timestamp":1557231785000},"page":"e227952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Ocular ischaemia due to a spontaneous carotid artery dissection"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8406-5295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Fraz\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Instituto de Oftalmologia Doutor Gama Pinto, Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catarina","family":"Perry da C\u00e2mara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central EPE, Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Nova Medical School\/Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1767-8080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Pinto Proen\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central EPE, Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Tavares Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nova Medical School\/Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central EPE, Lisboa, 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