{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T10:09:47Z","timestamp":1756462187563,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Horizontal intra-articular dislocation of the patella is a very rare traumatic entity. We present an unusual case of horizontal intra-articular dislocation in which the patellar articular surface was facing upwards besides having an avulsion of the quadriceps tendon from the superior pole. There was associated posterolateral knee subluxation, which has not been described with intra-articular dislocation of the patella. A 20-year-old man presented with open patellar dislocation and locked knee after a roadside accident. The patient was managed successfully by open reduction and repair of the quadriceps tendon. There was buttonholing of the medial femoral condyle through the medial retinaculum leading to irreducible dislocation. A special reduction manoeuvre was employed to bring the knee to its normal alignment. Knowledge of this injury pattern is of utmost importance for proper recognition and appropriate allocation of the surgical technique.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-228098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]],"date-time":"2019-04-25T05:57:11Z","timestamp":1556171831000},"page":"e228098","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Intra-articular dislocation of the patella: a rare variant to an uncommon injury"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sushil","family":"Rangdal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedics, Sunrise Global Superspeciality Hospital, Nanded, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vikas","family":"Bachhal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0810-5566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saurabh","family":"Vashisht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mandeep Singh","family":"Dhillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.1","first-page":"112","article-title":"Horizontal intra-articular dislocation of the patella Case report","volume":"59","author":"Chatziantoniou","year":"2008","journal-title":"EEXOT"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2004.08.002"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.00225"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200001000-00032","article-title":"Intra-articular dislocation of the patella","volume":"48","author":"Nanda","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.5","first-page":"588","article-title":"En sjelden Luxation of Patella","volume":"4","author":"Midelfart","year":"1887","journal-title":"Norsk Mag Laeg"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0160(03)00042-5","article-title":"Intra-articular dislocation of the patella with incomplete rotation--two case reports and a review of the literature","volume":"11","author":"Choudhary","year":"2004","journal-title":"Knee"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196547070-00014","article-title":"Interarticular horizontal dislocation of the patella. A case report","volume":"47","author":"Brady","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197961040-00026","article-title":"Intra-articular dislocation of the patella. A case report","volume":"61","author":"Donelson","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198105000-00016","article-title":"Central dislocations of the patella","volume":"21","author":"Sarkar","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(95)90016-Q","article-title":"Intra-articular dislocation of patella","volume":"26","author":"Shaw","year":"1995","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.50B3.653"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197456020-00025"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199312000-00030","article-title":"Case report of a successful closed reduction without anesthesia","volume":"297","author":"Morin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198211000-00024","article-title":"Intra-articular dislocation of the patella. A case report","volume":"171","author":"Murakami","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678508994367","article-title":"Horizontal rotation of the patella. A case report with review of the literature","volume":"56","author":"van den Broek","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-199704000-00009","article-title":"Intra-articular dislocation of the patella: case report and literature review","volume":"7","author":"Dimentberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198001000-00020","article-title":"Horizontal intra-articular dislocations of the patella: case report and literature review","volume":"20","author":"Mowbray","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2025082802463802000_12.4.e228098.18","first-page":"226","article-title":"Intraarticular dislocation of the patella","volume":"13","author":"Schulte","year":"1993","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop J"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2018-228098","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T09:46:44Z","timestamp":1756374404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2018-228098"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2018-228098"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2018-228098","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}}}