{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T06:16:32Z","timestamp":1774419392658,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 17-year-old man presented to the emergency department with complaints of retro-orbital pain of the left eye and an altitudinal visual field defect for 2 weeks. Fundus examination revealed ipsilateral hyperaemic optic disc oedema, and the patient was admitted with the presumptive diagnosis of left optic neuritis. Subsequently, during follow-up, the patient developed a retinal granulomatous lesion in the superior temporal arcade with vitritis and fibrotic strands extending to the mid-periphery. Serum antibodies detection by ELISA and aqueous humour immunoblot were positive for <jats:italic>Toxocara canis<\/jats:italic>. Medical therapy with albendazole and oral steroids was instituted with satisfactory results. One year later, a new macular lesion developed with consequent vision loss.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-228717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]],"date-time":"2019-04-04T19:29:26Z","timestamp":1554406166000},"page":"e228717","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Ocular toxocariasis: atypical clinical course"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Cristina","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Inflammation Unit, Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreia Mendes","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Ophthalmology Unit, Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Proen\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Inflammation Unit, Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082707065363000_12.4.e228717.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30331-6","article-title":"Human toxocariasis","volume":"18","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025082707065363000_12.4.e228717.2","first-page":"279","article-title":"Toxocariasis ocular","volume":"2","author":"Sorribas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev Esp Inv Oftal"},{"key":"2025082707065363000_12.4.e228717.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.5415\/apallergy.2014.4.3.134","article-title":"Ocular toxocariasis: clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention","volume":"4","author":"Ahn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asia Pac Allergy"},{"key":"2025082707065363000_12.4.e228717.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.03.050","article-title":"Ocular toxocariasis: clinical features and long-term visual outcomes in adult patients","volume":"166","author":"Despreaux","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2025082707065363000_12.4.e228717.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002938","article-title":"Clinical features and course of ocular toxocariasis in adults","volume":"8","author":"Ahn","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2025082707065363000_12.4.e228717.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2174\/1574891X10666150410125057","article-title":"Ocular toxocariasis: new diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives","volume":"10","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Pulgar\u00edn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Recent Pat Antiinfect Drug Discov"},{"key":"2025082707065363000_12.4.e228717.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5984086","article-title":"Urban dog parks as sources of canine parasites: contamination rates and pet owner behaviours in Lisbon, Portugal","volume":"2017","author":"Ferreira","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Environ Public Health"},{"key":"2025082707065363000_12.4.e228717.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/108076801750295317"},{"key":"2025082707065363000_12.4.e228717.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-008-0569-z","article-title":"Transvitreal migration of a Toxocara larva resulting in a second chorioretinal granuloma","volume":"52","author":"Sivaratnam","year":"2008","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2025082707065363000_12.4.e228717.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-004-0157-9","article-title":"Following the migration of a Toxocara larva in the retina by optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography","volume":"49","author":"Suzuki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2018-228717","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T14:07:03Z","timestamp":1756303623000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2018-228717"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2018-228717"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2018-228717","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}}}