{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T07:10:06Z","timestamp":1756365006314,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Mycobacterium avium<\/jats:italic> complex (MAC) is a rare cause of meningoencephalitis. Non-tuberculous mycobacterium meningoencephalitis including MAC meningoencephalitis is an important cause of rapidly progressive dementia. We present a case of MAC meningoencephalitis in an immunosuppressed woman who had progressively impaired cognitive function. An 83-year-old woman who had been taking glucocorticoid for myasthenia gravis developed cognitive dysfunction and visual hallucinations over a period of 2\u2009weeks. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings were normal, but MAC was positive in CSF culture and <jats:italic>M. avium<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>M. intracellulare<\/jats:italic> were identified by PCR. She was treated with multiple antimycobacterial agents and her symptoms fully recovered. MAC meningoencephalitis is an unusual cause of progressively impaired cognitive function. The possibility of mycobacterial central nervous system infection cannot be excluded by normal CSF findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-229022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]],"date-time":"2019-04-04T04:33:31Z","timestamp":1554352411000},"page":"e229022","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Unusual cause of progressively impaired cognitive function: <i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i> complex meningoencephalitis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yuji","family":"Okazaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Akiota Hospital, Yamagata-gun, Hiroshima, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Higashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Akiota Hospital, Yamagata-gun, Hiroshima, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082723370536000_12.4.e229022.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21430"},{"key":"2025082723370536000_12.4.e229022.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.6.1266"},{"key":"2025082723370536000_12.4.e229022.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(70)90187-5"},{"key":"2025082723370536000_12.4.e229022.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1005.030711"},{"key":"2025082723370536000_12.4.e229022.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-197604000-00021"},{"key":"2025082723370536000_12.4.e229022.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr420"},{"key":"2025082723370536000_12.4.e229022.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2017.10.011"},{"key":"2025082723370536000_12.4.e229022.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2018.01.014","article-title":"Absence of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis in tuberculous meningitis is a common occurrence in HIV co-infection and a predictor of poor outcomes","volume":"68","author":"Cresswell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025082723370536000_12.4.e229022.9","first-page":"269","article-title":"Tuberculous meningitis in HIV-infected and non-infected patients: comparison of cerebrospinal fluid findings","volume":"13","author":"Cecchini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2025082723370536000_12.4.e229022.10","first-page":"1496","article-title":"CD4+ T-cell count and cerebrospinal fluid findings in HIV-infected patients with tuberculous meningitis","volume":"14","author":"Vidal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2025082723370536000_12.4.e229022.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/172.2.527"},{"key":"2025082723370536000_12.4.e229022.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.5.1351","article-title":"Epstein-Barr virus encephalomyelitis diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction: detection of the genome in the CSF","volume":"48","author":"Tselis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2018-229022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T06:37:20Z","timestamp":1756363040000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2018-229022"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2018-229022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2018-229022","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}}}