{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T06:12:24Z","timestamp":1768889544658,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A previously fit and well 9-year-old boy developed shortness of breath and chest pain after playing with friends on a building site where bonfire materials were being collected. Firstline investigations failed to explain his symptoms, which worsened over the next 24\u2009hours, necessitating endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. When public health and the police retraced his steps, they found barrels of sodium hypochlorite and red diesel at the bonfire site, which when mixed had the potential to form chlorine gas leading to the diagnosis of a chemical pneumonitis secondary to chlorine gas inhalation. Supportive care was continued, and he was successfully extubated after 48\u2009hours. At 6-week follow-up, he had no ongoing pulmonary symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-229281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,31]],"date-time":"2019-07-31T06:15:13Z","timestamp":1564553713000},"page":"e229281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Chemical pneumonitis in a 9-year-old following chlorine gas exposure"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Cromie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Intensive Care, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Flannigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics, Antrim Area Hospital, Antrim, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.1","unstructured":"United Stated Nuclear Regulatory Commission Information Notice 2002. (Accessed 13 Jun 2019). Available from: https:\/\/www.nrc.gov\/reading-rm\/doc-collections\/gen-comm\/info-notices\/2002\/in02007.html"},{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.2","unstructured":"Chlorine [Internet] 2018. (Accessed 12 Jul 2018). https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chlorine"},{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.3","unstructured":"Chlorine gas poisoning [Internet] 2018. (Accessed 12 Jul 2018). Available from:https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chlorine_gas_poisoning"},{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.4","unstructured":"Everts S . A Brief History of Chemical War [Internet] 2015. (Accessed 12 Jul 2018). Available from:https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/distillations\/magazine\/a-brief-history-of-chemical-war"},{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.5","unstructured":"Lowth M . Chlorine gas [Internet]. 2017 https:\/\/patient.info\/doctor\/chlorine-gas (Accessed 12 Jul 2018)."},{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.6","unstructured":"Toxbase. Chlorine [Internet]. 2013 https:\/\/www.toxbase.org (Accessed 12 Jul 2018)."},{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.7","unstructured":"Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. Facts about Chlorine [Internet]. 2013 https:\/\/emergency.cdc.gov\/agent\/chlorine\/basics\/facts.asp (Accessed 12 Jul 2018)."},{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.201001-008SM"},{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.9","unstructured":"Hostetler MA . et al Inhalation exposure. In: Baren J , Rothrock S , Brennan J , , eds. Pediatric Emergency Medicine. 1st edn. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier, 2008."},{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E17","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.01.45","article-title":"Acute respiratory distress syndrome and chemical burns after exposure to chlorine-containing bleach: a case report","volume":"9","author":"Shin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-013-0309-8","article-title":"Case files of the University of California San Francisco Medical Toxicology Fellowship: acute chlorine gas inhalation and the utility of nebulized sodium bicarbonate","volume":"9","author":"Vajner","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol"},{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.58.6.399"},{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2007.12.006"},{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s40557-014-0029-9","article-title":"Acute health effects of accidental chlorine gas exposure","volume":"26","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"2025082703462938000_12.7.e229281.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.73.865.697"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2019-229281","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T10:46:41Z","timestamp":1756291601000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2019-229281"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2019-229281"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2019-229281","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}}}