{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T06:22:42Z","timestamp":1778307762717,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Vogt-Koynagi-Harada (VKH) disease is a clinical syndrome with classical ocular and extraocular findings that is not uncommonly described in Asian, Middle-Eastern and South American populations. We describe a case of VKH in an elderly Polish-Australian distinguished by prominent bilateral disc swelling rather than uveitis and marked leptomeningeal enhancement on MRI which led to extensive investigation including brain biopsy. Both disc oedema and MRI abnormalities improved dramatically with systemic steroid therapy. VKH disease is an important differential to consider in older patients with an uveo-meningeal picture and atypical eye findings where other causes have been excluded.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-229719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]],"date-time":"2019-05-22T07:18:08Z","timestamp":1558509488000},"page":"e229719","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome presenting with bilateral optic disc swelling and leptomeningeal enhancement"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Thanh-Thao Adriana","family":"Le","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumu","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jagjit","family":"Gilhotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pravin","family":"Hissaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Immunology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4-5","key":"2025082723113284000_12.5.e229719.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.01.023","article-title":"Diagnosis and classification of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease","volume":"13","author":"Sakata","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"2025082723113284000_12.5.e229719.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02713680802233968"},{"key":"2025082723113284000_12.5.e229719.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08820530500232126"},{"key":"2025082723113284000_12.5.e229719.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-014-0367-8","article-title":"Differences in the clinical features of two types of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease: serous retinal detachment and optic disc swelling","volume":"59","author":"Okunuki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2025082723113284000_12.5.e229719.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-010-0236-2","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of pachymeningeal enhancement in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease","volume":"31","author":"Han","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"2025082723113284000_12.5.e229719.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2279"},{"key":"2025082723113284000_12.5.e229719.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-006-9021-x"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2019-229719","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T06:11:40Z","timestamp":1756361500000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2019-229719"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,21]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,21]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2019-229719"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2019-229719","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,21]]}}}