{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T09:20:29Z","timestamp":1759742429267,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The brown recluse, or fiddleback (violin) spider, is a poisonous spider of the <jats:italic>Loxosceles<\/jats:italic> genus that resides in warmer regions and old structures making the warm Mediterranean climate a natural habitat for the European species, <jats:italic>L. rufescens<\/jats:italic>. Even in infested households, however, bites are rare, as they are nocturnal and unaggressive. In 2015, the first supposed death by <jats:italic>L. rufescens<\/jats:italic> occurred in Italy, but before and even after such bite, the literature on these spiders has been under-represented. This case report documents a confirmed bite by a violin spider on a medical student in Pavia, Italy. The presentation in this case was initially with general systemic, flu-like symptoms, then as cellulitis with lymphangitis that persisted for nearly 2\u2009weeks until resolving without prolonged or complicated pathology. We present the first documented case of a <jats:italic>L. rufescens<\/jats:italic> bite in Northern Italy, to the best of our knowledge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-230000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]],"date-time":"2019-08-10T06:35:13Z","timestamp":1565418913000},"page":"e230000","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Brown recluse (<i>L. rufescens<\/i>) can bite in Northern Italy, too: first case report and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"David Michael","family":"Abbott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic, and Pediatric Sciences, Institute of Dermatology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, 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