{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T18:43:59Z","timestamp":1760985839729,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Rhinoliths are calcareous concretions of the nasal cavity formed around a nidus that may be endogenous (eg, dislodged tooth) or an exogenous foreign body (eg, plastic bead inserted by a child). Rhinoliths are often found incidentally on endoscopy or imaging to assess for other pathologies. The incidence is estimated to be 1 in 10\u2009000 of all otolaryngology outpatient presentations, but this is likely to be an underestimate due to the often asymptomatic nature of this condition. We describe the unique case of a rhinolith that developed from a marijuana-filled balloon that the patient attempted to smuggle into a correctional facility. After inserting the package into his nostril, the patient then mistakenly believed it had been accidentally swallowed. Despite experiencing persistent symptoms of nasal obstruction and recurrent sinonasal infections, the marijuana package was only discovered 18 years after insertion following imaging for an unrelated indication<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-231989","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,25]],"date-time":"2019-10-25T12:41:46Z","timestamp":1572007306000},"page":"e231989","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A nose out of joint: first reported case of prison-acquired marijuana-based rhinolith"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Murray","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5799-5083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugene","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4338-8741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Navid","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Narinder Pal","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082801043063000_12.10.e231989.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2002.121018"},{"key":"2025082801043063000_12.10.e231989.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2007.21.3112"},{"key":"2025082801043063000_12.10.e231989.3","first-page":"162","article-title":"Rhinolithiasis: an unusual cause of nasal obstruction","volume":"40","author":"Balatsouras","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"2025082801043063000_12.10.e231989.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chatziavramidis A , Kondylidou-Sidira A , Stefanidis A , et al . Longstanding rhinolith leading to anatomical alterations of the ipsilateral inferior nasal meatus and turbinate. 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A bolt from the blew: rhinolith in the nose for more than 80 years. BMJ Case Rep 2012;27.","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2012-007322"},{"key":"2025082801043063000_12.10.e231989.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1177\/014556130408300603","article-title":"Recurrent purulent rhinorrhea in an otherwise healthy woman","volume":"83","author":"Mercado","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"key":"2025082801043063000_12.10.e231989.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-1633.2007.00329.x","article-title":"Rhinolith of endogenous origin: a rare entity","volume":"11","author":"Shaw","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surgical Practice"},{"key":"2025082801043063000_12.10.e231989.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1177\/014556130708600118","article-title":"Report of an Unusual Cause of Rhinolithiasis: An \u2018Opioma'","volume":"86","author":"Ghanbari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2019-231989","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T08:04:43Z","timestamp":1756368283000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2019-231989"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2019-231989"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2019-231989","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}}}