{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T12:48:44Z","timestamp":1790858924282,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Measles, which was once thought to be a disappearing viral infection due to effective vaccination, has been re-emerging globally, with increasing cases in adolescents and adults. This has been attributed to anti-vaccination campaigning in the early 21st century, which has resulted in a drop in overall herd immunity. In this case series we report three patients with complications secondary to measles who presented to a hospital in Malta in 2019. Through this series, we discuss the range of possible complications caused by the measles virus, ranging from mild viraemic symptoms to multiorgan involvement which could possibly lead to high-dependency care and may even be fatal. We also highlight recent global statistics which reflect the exponential increase in the incidence of measles, with a special focus on Europe. It is emphasised that vaccine education and compliance with the two-dose measles vaccine should be implemented worldwide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-232408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]],"date-time":"2020-02-17T23:55:24Z","timestamp":1581983724000},"page":"e232408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Complications of measles: a case series"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3552-4659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thelma","family":"Xerri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Darmanin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Alessandra","family":"Zammit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Fsadni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082711474178000_13.2.e232408.1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . 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Available: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/pubs\/pinkbook\/meas.html [Accessed 4 Nov 2019]."},{"key":"2025082711474178000_13.2.e232408.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198401193100301","article-title":"Measles encephalomyelitis \u2014 clinical and immunologic studies","volume":"310","author":"Johnson","year":"1984","journal-title":"N Engl J Med Overseas Ed"},{"key":"2025082711474178000_13.2.e232408.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.78.916.63"},{"key":"2025082711474178000_13.2.e232408.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e3182a713c2"},{"key":"2025082711474178000_13.2.e232408.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540110027259"},{"key":"2025082711474178000_13.2.e232408.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31816313a2"},{"key":"2025082711474178000_13.2.e232408.11","article-title":"Routine vitamin A supplementation for the prevention of blindness due to measles infection in children","volume":"54","author":"Bello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2025082711474178000_13.2.e232408.12","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control . Measles. Available: https:\/\/ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/measles [Accessed 5 Aug 2019]."},{"key":"2025082711474178000_13.2.e232408.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-2101","article-title":"Measles, mumps, rubella vaccination and autism: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"170","author":"Hviid","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2019-232408","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T18:47:47Z","timestamp":1756320467000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2019-232408"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2019-232408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2019-232408","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}}}