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We present a 60-year-old man with low back pain, numbness in the left lower back and radicular pain in the left lower extremity, which started after a surgery that involved prolonged positioning on the left side 7\u2009years before, and persisted to the day of evaluation. There was an immediate transient rise in the creatine kinase after surgery. Electromyography showed a left lower lumbar\u2013sacral plexopathy and a lumbar spine MRI revealed fatty infiltration of the lower lumbar\u2013sacral paraspinal muscles. The emergence of radicular lower limb pain was likely due to the compression of the proximal portion of lumbar\u2013sacral plexus during the acute stage of rhabdomyolysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-236040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,29]],"date-time":"2021-03-29T11:15:50Z","timestamp":1617016550000},"page":"e236040","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Postoperative lumbar paraspinal compartment syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8152-599X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niloufar","family":"Saadat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3986-5709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kourosh","family":"Rezania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082802523851000_14.3.e236040.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-011-1386-4","article-title":"Lumbar paraspinal compartment syndrome","volume":"36","author":"Nathan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"2025082802523851000_14.3.e236040.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-010-1391-9","article-title":"Exertional paraspinal muscle rhabdomyolysis and compartment syndrome: a cause of back pain not to be missed","volume":"29","author":"Wik","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025082802523851000_14.3.e236040.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2013.11.012","article-title":"Acute erector spinae compartment syndrome: case report and review of diagnostic criteria","volume":"45","author":"Rogers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"2025082802523851000_14.3.e236040.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10080"},{"key":"2025082802523851000_14.3.e236040.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198511000-00007"},{"key":"2025082802523851000_14.3.e236040.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2012.01511.x","article-title":"The thoracolumbar fascia: anatomy, function and clinical considerations","volume":"221","author":"Willard","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"2025082802523851000_14.3.e236040.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199173070-00024","article-title":"Acute lumbar paraspinal compartment syndrome. 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