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It was also difficult to pass suction catheters beyond a certain depth in the trachea; however, intubation of the upper trachea was accomplished twice without difficulty. Flexible bronchoscopy revealed complete tracheal ring with severe tracheal stenosis; there was no evidence of tracheo-oesophageal fistula. Due to advanced multi-organ dysfunction at diagnosis, a decision was made with the family to re-orientate from intensive care to compassionate care. Ethical considerations in similar cases should incorporate the improved outcomes of prematurity and recent advances in tracheal reconstruction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-236107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,12]],"date-time":"2020-12-12T09:45:14Z","timestamp":1607766314000},"page":"e236107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Lethal severe congenital tracheal stenosis with tracheal ring complicating respiratory distress syndrome in an extremely premature infant: first reported case in Qatar with a literature review"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Nuha","family":"Nimeri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haytham","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nazla","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082708063625000_13.12.e236107.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1994.tb04453.x","article-title":"Tracheal agenesis","volume":"49","author":"anschot HJ","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"2025082708063625000_13.12.e236107.2","first-page":"568","article-title":"Congenital absence of the trachea","volume":"14","author":"Payne","year":"1900","journal-title":"Brooklyn Med J"},{"key":"2025082708063625000_13.12.e236107.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320210104"},{"key":"2025082708063625000_13.12.e236107.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19990219)82:5<415::AID-AJMG11>3.0.CO;2-A"},{"key":"2025082708063625000_13.12.e236107.5","unstructured":"Plescia F , Lavanco G , Brancato A , et al . 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