{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:58:32Z","timestamp":1792803512650,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We present a case of azacitidine-induced pneumonitis which is a rare adverse drug reaction and reported in less than 0.1% of cases. Common side effects of azacitidine are weakness, nausea, vomiting, constipation, injection site reactions, insomnia, among others. Our patient received azacitidine to treat her acute myeloid leukaemia and began to develop shortness of breath which progressed to dyspnoea at rest after completing a 7-day course of azacitidine and venetoclax. Initial chest X-ray revealed severe airspace disease for which the patient began receiving broad spectrum antibiotics, antifungals and antivirals therapy. Although infectious workup revealed invasive aspergillosis she did not clinically and radiologically improve despite being on isavuconazole until high-dose glucocorticoids were initiated. This case illustrates the importance of recognising and understanding the potential side effects of azacitidine and other chemotherapy agents as some adverse drug reactions can be life-threatening.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-236349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T17:01:31Z","timestamp":1603990891000},"page":"e236349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Azacitidine-induced pneumonitis and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Paul","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jawarya","family":"Safdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelaziz","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman","family":"Soubani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Edwards IR , Aronson JK . Adverse drug reactions Adverse drug reactions\u202f: definitions, diagnosis, and management 2000;356:1255\u20139.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02799-9"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.15.1200"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.03.036","article-title":"Development of interstitial lung disease after initiation of apixaban anticoagulation therapy","volume":"25","author":"Tomari","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2019.04.005","article-title":"Epidemiology of acute myeloid leukemia: recent progress and enduring challenges","volume":"36","author":"Shallis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood Rev"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.5","unstructured":"Azacitidine | C8H12N4O5 - PubChem. Available: https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/compound\/Azacitidine [Accessed 19 Mar 2020]."},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.25.5.765.63579"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.7","unstructured":"Hueser CN , Patel AJ . Pneumonitis in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome:3\u20136."},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e98","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0b013e3181e7a526","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease associated with azacitidine use: a case report","volume":"19","author":"Sekhri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Ther"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2411","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.51.8167","article-title":"Azacitidine-induced pneumonitis in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome: first case report in Japan","volume":"51","author":"Hayashi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2011.09.024","article-title":"Interstitial pneumonitis--An important differential diagnosis for pulmonary sepsis in haematology patients","volume":"36","author":"Pillai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Leuk Res"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2011.12.013","article-title":"Hypomethylating therapy and autoimmunity in MDS: an enigmatic relationship","volume":"36","author":"Kotsianidis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Leuk Res"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.01338"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.53.1971","article-title":"Azacitidine-associated acute interstitial pneumonitis","volume":"53","author":"Kuroda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.14","unstructured":"Patel V , Sarkar S , Cervellione KL . A case of azacitidine induced interstitial pneumonitis in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) (ats journals). Am Thorac Soc Int Conf Meet Abstr 2015."},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.14740\/jh227w","article-title":"Rare respiratory and neurologic adverse reactions to azacitidine in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome of patients treated at the Ottawa Hospital","volume":"4","author":"Ahrari","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hematol"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1205","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0000000000000300","article-title":"Azacitidine-Induced interstitial pneumonitis","volume":"23","author":"Verriere","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Ther"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-016-0803-0","article-title":"Azacitidine-induced cryptogenic organizing pneumonia: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"10","author":"Alnimer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s40800-017-0047-y","article-title":"How to diagnose early 5-azacytidine-induced pneumonitis: a case report","volume":"4","author":"Misra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Saf Case Rep"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060517698331","article-title":"Azacitidine-induced acute lung injury in a patient with therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome","volume":"45","author":"Makita","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"2025082702210684000_13.10.e236349.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e617","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0000000000000824","article-title":"Delayed onset of Azacitidine-Associated Pneumotitis: a case report","volume":"26","author":"Oka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Ther"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-236349","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T09:21:15Z","timestamp":1756286475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-236349"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2020-236349"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-236349","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}}}