{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:35:55Z","timestamp":1787016955573,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]],"date-time":"2020-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608163200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>While cardiac myxomas are the most common primary cardiac tumours, their overall incidence remains rare. Most cases (90%) are sporadic and occur in the third\u2013sixth decades of life with a female predominance and have a specific predilection for the left atrium (75%). While often asymptomatic, clinical presentations depend on the tumour size, architecture and location. Echocardiography remains the mainstay for diagnostic evaluation. Tumour resection is the only definitive treatment. Histopathology using H&amp;E and immunohistochemical stains, such as calretinin and CD34, confirms the diagnosis. We present a case of a patient with reported history of asthma who presented with recurrent acute on chronic shortness of breath refractory to inhaler therapy, multiple outpatient visits and hospitalisations for \u2018asthma exacerbations\u2019. After further evaluation, she was diagnosed with a left atrial myxoma attached to the inferior aspect of the intra-atrial septum complicated by severe functional mitral stenosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-236876","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T00:12:18Z","timestamp":1678752738000},"page":"e236876","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Severe functional mitral stenosis due to a left atrial myxoma masquerading as asthma"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3687-858X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ufara","family":"Zuwasti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, MedStar Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Quarrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Institute, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Haas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, MedStar Harbor Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"},{"name":"MedStar Franklin Square Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-200105000-00002"},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.14740\/cr558w","article-title":"Atrial myxoma mimicking mitral stenosis","volume":"8","author":"Spartalis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiol Res"},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/S1674-8301(11)60049-3","article-title":"Familial cardiac myxoma with multifocal recurrences: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"25","author":"Cao","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Biomed Res"},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2013.14.3.1743"},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsha.2016.07.003","article-title":"Extracardiac manifestations of atrial myxomas","volume":"29","author":"Thyagarajan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Saudi Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.6","first-page":"236","article-title":"Multiple recurrences of nonfamilial cardiac myxomas: a report of two cases","volume":"34","author":"Mendoza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.7","unstructured":"Kanaan S , Nuno I . Atrial myxoma presenting as asthma in adolescent. The Internet Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006."},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.8","first-page":"3","article-title":"The role of interleukin-6 in cases of cardiac myxoma. clinical features, immunologic abnormalities, and a possible role in recurrence","volume":"28","author":"Mendoza","year":"2001","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsha.2010.07.007","article-title":"Echocardiography in mitral stenosis","volume":"23","author":"Omran","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Saudi Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185113496561"},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.08.1895"},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.08.1694"},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.13","first-page":"244","article-title":"Mitral pseudostenosis due to a large left atrial myxoma","volume":"15","author":"Theodoropoulos","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Geriatr Cardiol"},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.783126"},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/NR6G-T872-F090-LBRW"},{"key":"2025082701580383000_13.12.e236876.16","unstructured":"Travis WD . 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