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HCV is a positive-sense RNA virus similar to West Nile virus, dengue virus and the SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses. SARS-CoV-2 is classified same viral species. These viruses are all classified in Family Flaviviridae which are family of single-stranded plus-stranded RNA viruses. Viral particles are 40\u201360\u2009nm in diameter, enveloped and spherical in shape. We present a rare case of HCV removal where an RNA virus infection that copresented with virus-associated autoimmune hepatitis was eliminated using DFPP. Our results indicate that DFPP may facilitate prompt viraemia reduction and may have novel treatment applications for SARS-CoV-2, that is, use of therapeutic plasma exchange for fulminant COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-236984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,9]],"date-time":"2021-04-09T13:31:16Z","timestamp":1617975076000},"page":"e236984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Successful treatment of positive-sense RNA virus coinfection with autoimmune hepatitis using double filtration plasmapheresis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9135-3092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroteru","family":"Kamimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenya","family":"Kamimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsunori","family":"Tsuchiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuji","family":"Terai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082703133974000_14.3.e236984.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.106"},{"key":"2025082703133974000_14.3.e236984.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-013-0838-0","article-title":"Current topics in therapeutic plasmapheresis","volume":"18","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol"},{"key":"2025082703133974000_14.3.e236984.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2015.2340","article-title":"Prediction of a sustained viral response in chronic hepatitis C patients who undergo induction therapy with double filtration plasmapheresis plus interferon-\u03b2\/ribavirin","volume":"9","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"2025082703133974000_14.3.e236984.4","unstructured":"Hepatitis C . 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