{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T15:00:24Z","timestamp":1780930824705,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Flaxseed oil contains lignans, which exhibit anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic activities. A 70-year-old male patient presented to our office due to hyperlipidaemia and started to take a tablespoon of flaxseed oil daily. Three months later, he reported left breast swelling and pain. Although the echogram revealed a tumour in the left mammary gland, the breast biopsy was compatible with gynecomastia, showing ductal hyperplasia without evidence of malignancy. His breast epithelia were oestrogen receptor-positive. Potential role of phytoestrogens was discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-237948","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T14:22:28Z","timestamp":1607610148000},"page":"e237948","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Flaxseed oil stimulates gynecomastia"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3383-1340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsuneo","family":"Takenaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kokusai Iryo Fukushi Daigaku Daigakuin\u2014Tokyo Aoyama Campus, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayuko","family":"Nagano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kokusai Iryo Fukushi Daigaku Daigakuin\u2014Tokyo Aoyama Campus, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kokusai Iryo Fukushi Daigaku Daigakuin\u2014Tokyo Aoyama Campus, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kokusai Iryo Fukushi Daigaku Daigakuin\u2014Tokyo Aoyama Campus, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082802495964000_13.12.e237948.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2013.789823"},{"key":"2025082802495964000_13.12.e237948.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/128.11.1861","article-title":"Flaxseed and its lignan precursor, secoisolariciresinol diglycoside, affect pregnancy outcome and reproductive development in rats","volume":"128","author":"Tou","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"2025082802495964000_13.12.e237948.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000625"},{"key":"2025082802495964000_13.12.e237948.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13794","article-title":"Statin medications and the risk of gynecomastia","volume":"89","author":"Skeldon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"2025082802495964000_13.12.e237948.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.26157"},{"key":"2025082802495964000_13.12.e237948.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-10-0022"},{"key":"2025082802495964000_13.12.e237948.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.cej.0000197449.56862.75"},{"key":"2025082802495964000_13.12.e237948.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22140"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-237948","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T09:50:07Z","timestamp":1756374607000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-237948"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2020-237948"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-237948","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}}}