{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:04:21Z","timestamp":1756425861337,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We report a case of a 55-year-old man presenting with diplopia, masticatory weakness and dysarthria several weeks post multitrauma. The clinical suspicion of myasthenia gravis (MG) was supported with positive acetylcholine receptor antibodies and abnormal repetitive stimulation study. He responded well to pyridostigmine, intravenous immunoglobulin and oral prednisolone. In this report, we describe the timing and progression of MG in our patient, and review the literature pertaining to the relationship between trauma and MG. The search for definitive evidence of causation may be impractical, but should not delay the recognition and management of a treatable condition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-238415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]],"date-time":"2021-04-02T12:20:30Z","timestamp":1617366030000},"page":"e238415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trauma-induced myasthenia gravis: coincidence or causal relationship?"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Pakeeran","family":"Siriratnam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5226-1198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenwen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Faragher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082804224762000_14.4.e238415.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-015-7963-5","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis: a clinical-immunological update","volume":"263","author":"Binks","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"2025082804224762000_14.4.e238415.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-017-0892-8","article-title":"Regulatory T cells in multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis","volume":"14","author":"Danikowski","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"2025082804224762000_14.4.e238415.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2007.11.007"},{"key":"2025082804224762000_14.4.e238415.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27064","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis and pregnancy","volume":"62","author":"Grover","year":"2020","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"2025082804224762000_14.4.e238415.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(02)00219-9"},{"key":"2025082804224762000_14.4.e238415.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2009.07.016","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis precipitated by trauma: latent myasthenia and the concept of 'threshold'","volume":"19","author":"Lane","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord"},{"key":"2025082804224762000_14.4.e238415.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1159\/000335992","article-title":"Autoimmune myasthenia gravis after sternal fracture","volume":"4","author":"Petersen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Case Rep Neurol"},{"key":"2025082804224762000_14.4.e238415.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.74.3.392","article-title":"Autoimmune myasthenia gravis after cardiac surgery","volume":"74","author":"Scoppetta","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025082804224762000_14.4.e238415.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2003.024588","article-title":"Autoimmune neurological disease after cardiac surgery","volume":"75","author":"Sleeman","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025082804224762000_14.4.e238415.10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis with elderly onset at advanced age","volume":"12","author":"Hernandez Fustes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2025082804224762000_14.4.e238415.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181ad53c2"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-238415","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T11:22:55Z","timestamp":1756380175000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-238415"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2020-238415"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-238415","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}}}