{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T15:10:02Z","timestamp":1756307402310,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Adrenal incidentalomas are incidentally detected adrenal lesions on imaging, which have a variety of differential diagnoses, the most common being a non-functioning adenoma. Surgical intervention for these lesions is needed when there is hypersecretion, for lesions larger than 4\u2009cm and smaller lesions with suspicious characteristics. Here we present a young woman who was incidentally found to have a right suprarenal mass with loss of fat planes with the inferior vena cava (IVC). She underwent resection of the tumour along with the posterior wall of IVC, which was primarily repaired. Her postoperative biopsy was suggestive of leiomyosarcoma arising from the IVC. In the absence of distant metastasis, the sole prognostic factor for this tumour is achieving negative margins through radical resection of the tumour with IVC resection. Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas should be considered as a differential diagnosis for larger lesions, especially those more than 10\u2009cm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-238437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,18]],"date-time":"2021-01-18T12:12:07Z","timestamp":1610971927000},"page":"e238437","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava posing as an adrenal incidentaloma"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sinduja","family":"Ramanan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hemachandren","family":"Munuswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vishnu Prasad","family":"Nelamangala Ramakrishnaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pampa Ch","family":"Toi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082707394890000_14.1.e238437.1","unstructured":"Chatzellis E , Kaltsas G . Adrenal Incidentalomas. In: Feingold KR , Anawalt B , Boyce A , et al , eds. Endotext. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc, 2000."},{"key":"2025082707394890000_14.1.e238437.2","unstructured":"Teitelbaum EN , Hungness ES , David M , et al . Mahvi. Stomach. In: Beauchamp RD , Evers BM , et al , eds. Sabiston textbook of surgery: the biological basis of modern surgical practice. 20th. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2017: 985\u20137."},{"key":"2025082707394890000_14.1.e238437.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3909","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2017.6706","article-title":"Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava: survival rate following radical resection","volume":"14","author":"Teixeira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"2025082707394890000_14.1.e238437.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.12.6.1439022","article-title":"From the Archives of the AFIP. leiomyosarcoma of the retroperitoneum and inferior vena cava: radiologic-pathologic correlation","volume":"12","author":"Hartman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"2025082707394890000_14.1.e238437.5","unstructured":"AACE and AAES medical guidelines for the management of adrenal incidentalomas | American association of clinical endocrinologists. AACE\/AAES adrenal incidentaloma guidelines. Endocr Pract 2009;15."},{"key":"2025082707394890000_14.1.e238437.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/830814","article-title":"A retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma presenting as an adrenal incidentaloma in a subject on warfarin","volume":"2015","author":"Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Case Rep Endocrinol"},{"key":"2025082707394890000_14.1.e238437.7","first-page":"151","article-title":"Imaging strategies for tumors of the kidney, adrenal gland, and retroperitoneum","volume":"37","author":"Davidson","year":"1987","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"2025082707394890000_14.1.e238437.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.4103\/ijves.ijves_81_17","article-title":"Leiomyosarcoma of infrarenal inferior vena cava: a single institution experience and review of literature","volume":"5","author":"Sharma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"2025082707394890000_14.1.e238437.9","first-page":"3201","article-title":"International registry of inferior vena cava leiomyosarcoma: analysis of a world series on 218 patients","volume":"16","author":"Mingoli","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-238437","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T14:39:56Z","timestamp":1756305596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-238437"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2020-238437"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-238437","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}}}