{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T18:45:50Z","timestamp":1760985950074,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/bmj.com\/coronavirus\/usage"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 59-year-old man presented to the emergency department with recent onset biphasic stridor, dyspnoea and increased work of breathing on the background of prolonged intubation for the novel COVID-19 2\u2009months previously. Flexible laryngoscopy revealed bilateral vocal fold immobility with a soft tissue mass in the interarytenoid region. The patient\u2019s symptoms improved with oxygen therapy, nebulised epinephrine (5\u2009mL; 1:10 000) and intravenous dexamethasone (3.3\u2009mg). The following morning, the patient was taken to theatre, underwent suspension microlaryngoscopy and found to have bilateral fixation of the cricoarytenoid joints and a large granuloma in the interarytenoid area. He underwent cold steel resection of the granuloma and balloon dilatation between the arytenoids, with the hope of mobilising the joints. This failed and CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser arytenoidectomy was performed on the left side. The stridor had resolved postoperatively, with normalisation of work of breathing and the patient was discharged home on the first postoperative day.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-238508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,13]],"date-time":"2020-12-13T23:30:46Z","timestamp":1607902246000},"page":"e238508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Emergency presentation of iatrogenic airway stenosis following intubation in a patient with COVID-19 and its management"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Gerard","family":"Thong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Airway Reconstruction, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harry","family":"Lorenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Airway Reconstruction, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guri S","family":"Sandhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Airway Reconstruction, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chadwan","family":"AlYaghchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082707391374000_13.12.e238508.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Rolling updates on coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Available: https:\/\/www .who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\/eventsas-they-happen [Accessed 17 Apr 2020]."},{"key":"2025082707391374000_13.12.e238508.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26164","article-title":"COVID-19 pandemic: effects and evidence-based recommendations for otolaryngology and head and neck surgery practice","volume":"42","author":"Kowalski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"2025082707391374000_13.12.e238508.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Piazza C , Filauro M , Dikkers FG , et al . Long-Term intubation and high rate of tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients might determine an unprecedented increase of airway stenoses: a call to action from the European Laryngological Society. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2020:1\u20137.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-020-06112-6"},{"key":"2025082707391374000_13.12.e238508.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30196-1"},{"key":"2025082707391374000_13.12.e238508.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820920649","article-title":"Otolaryngology providers must be alert for patients with mild and asymptomatic COVID-19","volume":"162","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"2025082707391374000_13.12.e238508.6","unstructured":". Available: https:\/\/www.entuk.org\/sites\/default\/files\/BLA%20Tracheostomy%20guideline%20-BLA%20April%202020%20final.pdf"},{"key":"2025082707391374000_13.12.e238508.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102432","article-title":"Classification of laryngeal injury in patients with prolonged intubation and to determine the factors that cause the injury","volume":"41","author":"Mehel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2025082707391374000_13.12.e238508.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e318050ca12"},{"key":"2025082707391374000_13.12.e238508.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0b013e3182721290","article-title":"Utility of rigid bronchoscopic dilatation and mitomycin C application in the management of postintubation tracheal stenosis: case series and systematic review of literature","volume":"19","author":"Madan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-238508","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T14:39:20Z","timestamp":1756305560000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-238508"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2020-238508"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-238508","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}}}