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This paper presents three cases of OSF below the age of 12 years and reviews the aetiology, clinical presentation, treatment modalities in children with improved follow-up results. Clinical features like restricted mouth opening, burning sensation and history of betel nut chewing helps in the diagnosis of the patients, which can be confirmed by histopathological examination. Conservative management and oral physiotherapy in children help in improved mouth opening. Counselling the children, their friends and parents also plays a vital role. The present paper highlights that children on a larger scale are using tobacco products and further studies are required with larger sample size.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-238718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T11:56:50Z","timestamp":1616500610000},"page":"e238718","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Oral submucous fibrosis in children: an alarming condition and challenges in management"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7571-6447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anshul","family":"Rai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Science - Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anuj","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science - Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aakash","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Shree Bankey Bihari Dental College and Research Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tejas","family":"Motiwale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OMFS, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082801571284000_14.3.e238718.1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis in pediatric patients: a systematic review and protocol for management","volume":"2019","author":"Jain","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2025082801571284000_14.3.e238718.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1985.tb00468.x"},{"key":"2025082801571284000_14.3.e238718.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2005.08.005"},{"key":"2025082801571284000_14.3.e238718.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-011-0291-0","article-title":"A modified technique for post operative physiotherapy in edentulous patients","volume":"11","author":"Rai","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Maxillofac Oral Surg"},{"key":"2025082801571284000_14.3.e238718.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00804.x"},{"key":"2025082801571284000_14.3.e238718.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1985.tb00946.x","article-title":"HLA-typing in oral submucous fibrosis","volume":"26","author":"Canniff","year":"1985","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"2025082801571284000_14.3.e238718.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(85)90087-8"},{"key":"2025082801571284000_14.3.e238718.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.4103\/ccd.ccd_898_18","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis in a 5 year old child","volume":"10","author":"Talla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Dent"},{"key":"2025082801571284000_14.3.e238718.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2020.03.010","article-title":"No age predilection for a disease like OSMF. 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