{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:03:01Z","timestamp":1756425781971,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,24]],"date-time":"2021-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619222400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hip fracture is a common injury in elderly patients. In Japan, the number of super-old patients\u2014age &gt;90 years\u2014with hip fractures has increased drastically over time. Available strategies for anaesthetic management for hip fracture surgery include general anaesthesia, neuraxial anaesthesia and peripheral nerve block. However, general and neuraxial anaesthesia are often avoided for various reasons, particularly in elderly patients. In recent years, peripheral nerve block has proven effective in various surgical procedures. Additionally, dexmedetomidine exhibits neuroprotective effects and has been used safely in super-old patients. Herein, we demonstrate successful anaesthetic management with peripheral nerve block under dexmedetomidine sedation for open reduction and internal fixation of a femoral neck fracture in a 97-year-old patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-239468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T02:51:31Z","timestamp":1619491891000},"page":"e239468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Successful peripheral nerve block under dexmedetomidine sedation for femoral neck fracture fixation in a 97-year-old patient"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1589-9453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Ishida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology, Seirei Hamamatsu Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fumiko","family":"Ogura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology, Seirei Hamamatsu Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoko","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology, Seirei Hamamatsu Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshie","family":"Toba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology, Seirei Hamamatsu Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-020-02175-w","article-title":"Hypotension during hip fracture surgery and postoperative morbidity","volume":"189","author":"Beecham","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.13118","article-title":"Redefining the elderly as aged 75 years and older: Proposal from the Joint Committee of Japan Gerontological Society and the Japan Geriatrics Society","volume":"17","author":"Ouchi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2017.06.003","article-title":"Survey of hip fractures in Japan: recent trends in prevalence and treatment","volume":"22","author":"Hagino","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s40981-019-0287-1","article-title":"Fixation of intracapsular fracture of the femoral neck using combined peripheral nerve blocks and transthoracic echocardiography in a patient with severe obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report","volume":"5","author":"Yamazaki","year":"2019","journal-title":"JA Clin Rep"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2011.06854.x"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.6","first-page":"341","article-title":"Peripheral nerve blocks versus general anesthesia for total knee replacement in elderly patients on the postoperative quality of recovery","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-017-0485-8","article-title":"The hemodynamic and pain impact of peripheral nerve block versus spinal anesthesia in diabetic patients undergoing diabetic foot surgery","volume":"30","author":"Lai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2013.64.4.321","article-title":"Popliteal sciatic nerve block versus spinal anesthesia in hallux valgus surgery","volume":"64","author":"Jeon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.06.026","article-title":"Impact of intraoperative blood pressure, blood pressure fluctuation, and pulse pressure on postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture: a prospective cohort study","volume":"50","author":"Radinovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60688-1"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-017-0380-9","article-title":"General vs. neuraxial anaesthesia in hip fracture patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Van Waesberghe","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2015.02.002"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li J , Oprea AD . Periprocedural management of patients on oral anticoagulation: focus on regional anesthesia [published online ahead of print, 2020 Ju 3]. Pol Arch Intern Med 2020.","DOI":"10.20452\/pamw.15416"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00330","article-title":"Mechanisms of dexmedetomidine in neuropathic pain","volume":"14","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-199008000-00003"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218088","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine for the prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"14","author":"Zeng","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin C , Tu H , Jie Z . Effect of dexmedetomidine on delirium in elderly surgical patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Pharmacother 2020;1060028020951954.","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028020951954"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-019-01440-6","article-title":"Perioperative dexmedetomidine reduces delirium in elderly patients after non-cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials","volume":"66","author":"Pan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can J Anesth\/J Can Anesth"},{"key":"2025082801093930000_14.4.e239468.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00528","article-title":"Effect of intraoperative dexmedetomidine dose on postoperative first night sleep quality in elderly surgery patients: a retrospective study with propensity score-matched analysis","volume":"7","author":"Cai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. 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