{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T19:40:03Z","timestamp":1756323603746,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Syringomyelia associated with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is an extremely rare condition. Only a few adult cases have been reported. A 12-year-old woman, who previously suffered TBM at the age of 6 months, presented with a long-standing history of right upper limb panhypertrophy, dissociate anaesthesia, frequent headaches, scoliosis and acquired macrocephaly. MRI demonstrated hydrocephalus, descent of the cerebral tonsils and an intramedullary syrinx extending from C2 to L1. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) leads to reduction in the size of the syringomyelia and resolution of the thermoanaesthesia. This case highlights a very rare long-term complication associated with childhood TBM and the potential benefit offered by ETV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-240413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T12:31:06Z","timestamp":1621945866000},"page":"e240413","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acquired unilateral upper limb hypertrophy as a late complication of tuberculous meningitis complicated by Chiari 1 malformation and syringomyelia"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4590-544X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farida","family":"Essajee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5607-8443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regan","family":"Solomons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1146-1307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre","family":"Goussard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Van Toorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082711594484000_14.5.e240413.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.47276\/lr.73.4.326","article-title":"Leprosy in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa--eliminated or hidden?","volume":"73","author":"Durrheim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"},{"key":"2025082711594484000_14.5.e240413.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1186","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30286-2","article-title":"The global distribution of lymphatic filariasis, 2000-18: a geospatial analysis","volume":"8","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2025082711594484000_14.5.e240413.3","unstructured":"South Africa and neglected tropical diseases, 2018. 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