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Using contacts in bilateral dorsal globus pallidus interna and ventral globus pallidus externa, symptoms alleviated after a latency period of 2\u20134\u2009weeks. At 5-month follow-up, the patient maintained a 16.5-point reduction in Burke-Fahn-Marsden movement scale (from 20\/120 to 3.5\/120) with resolution of blepharospasm, irregular inspirations and broken and irregular speech.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-240510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T15:39:05Z","timestamp":1659109145000},"page":"e240510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Treatment of diaphragmatic dystonia with pallidal deep brain stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shervin","family":"Rahimpour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Calakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis A","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyle T","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082803044636000_14.3.e240510.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2014.09.002"},{"key":"2025082803044636000_14.3.e240510.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-016-8136-x","article-title":"Botulinum toxin treatment failures in cervical dystonia: causes, management, and outcomes","volume":"263","author":"Jinnah","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"2025082803044636000_14.3.e240510.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa063618","article-title":"Pallidal deep-brain stimulation in primary generalized or segmental dystonia","volume":"355","author":"Kupsch","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med Overseas Ed"},{"key":"2025082803044636000_14.3.e240510.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.12.002"},{"key":"2025082803044636000_14.3.e240510.5","unstructured":"Licking N , Farro B . 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