{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:15:00Z","timestamp":1792289700369,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We present a case of a 38-year-old man with no medical comorbidities who presented to the hospital with haemoptysis and shortness of breath on a background of vaping home-manufactured cannabis oil. He developed e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) visible on chest X-ray requiring oxygen, and corticosteroid treatment before making a recovery. Research reports that the contents vitamin E acetate and tetrahydrocannabinol are frequently found in substances acquired from informal sources which increase the likelihood of EVALI developing. Further research into their synergistic effect is ongoing. Although safer than smoking, vaping is not risk free and EVALI should be considered in patients presenting with respiratory disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-240700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,9]],"date-time":"2021-04-09T12:40:43Z","timestamp":1617972043000},"page":"e240700","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Case of e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) in London, UK"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ruth Elizabeth","family":"Evans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"Medicine, Princess Royal University Hospital, Orpington, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Herbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"Medicine, Princess Royal University Hospital, Orpington, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Owen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine, Princess Royal University Hospital, Orpington, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine, Princess Royal University Hospital, Orpington, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082723442297000_14.4.e240700.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6552a1","article-title":"Quitting smoking among adults - United States, 2000-2015","volume":"65","author":"Babb","year":"2017","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2025082723442297000_14.4.e240700.2","unstructured":"E-Cigarette use in Great Britain . Office of national statistics, 2019. Available: https:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/peoplepopulationandcommunity\/healthandsocialcare\/drugusealcoholandsmoking\/datasets\/ecigaretteuseingreatbritain [Accessed January 2020]."},{"key":"2025082723442297000_14.4.e240700.3","unstructured":"E-cigarettes around 95% less harmful than tobacco estimates landmark review . Public Health England. Published August 2015. Available: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/news\/e-cigarettes-around-95-less-harmful-than-tobacco-estimates-landmark-review [Accessed January 2020]."},{"key":"2025082723442297000_14.4.e240700.4","unstructured":"Outbreak of lung injury associated with the use of e-cigarette, or vaping, products. Atlanta: centers for disease control and prevention, published January 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/tobacco\/basic_information\/e-cigarettes\/severe-lung-disease.html [Accessed January 2020]."},{"key":"2025082723442297000_14.4.e240700.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6902e2","article-title":"Update: Product, Substance-Use, and Demographic Characteristics of Hospitalized Patients in a Nationwide Outbreak of E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury - United States, August 2019-January 2020","volume":"69","author":"Ellington","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2025082723442297000_14.4.e240700.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1916433","article-title":"Vitamin E acetate in Bronchoalveolar-Lavage fluid associated with EVALI","volume":"382","author":"Blount","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025082723442297000_14.4.e240700.7","unstructured":"Drug safety update: e-cigarette use or vaping: reporting suspected adverse reactions, including lung injury. Drug Safety;13 https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/drug-safety-update\/e-cigarette-use-or-vaping-reporting-suspected-adverse-reactions-including-lung-injury#background"},{"key":"2025082723442297000_14.4.e240700.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6849e1","article-title":"Update: Demographic, Product, and Substance-Use Characteristics of Hospitalized Patients in a Nationwide Outbreak of E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injuries - United States, December 2019","volume":"68","author":"Lozier","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2025082723442297000_14.4.e240700.9","unstructured":"D'Antonoli A . C-02691 Vaping-associated lung disease: an emerging topic for radiologists. 10.26044\/ecr2020\/C-02691, 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/339677321_C-02691_Vaping-associated_lung_disease_An_emerging_topic_for_radiologists"},{"key":"2025082723442297000_14.4.e240700.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patient characteristics and product use behaviors among persons with e-cigarette, or Vaping, product Use\u2013Associated lung injury \u2014 Indiana, June\u2013October 2019. Available: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/68\/wr\/pdfs\/mm6849a3-H.pdf [Accessed March 2020].","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6849a3"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-240700","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T06:44:36Z","timestamp":1756363476000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-240700"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2020-240700"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-240700","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}}}