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Herein, we present a case of a 56-year-old woman with stage III pancreatic adenocarcinoma diagnosed with gemcitabine-induced RR when she presented with lower back pain and new rim-enhancing collections within the right and left paraspinal musculature 5 months after radiation therapy to the pancreas. A PubMed search was performed for \u2018Radiation Recall Myositis\u2019 and a complete literature review performed. This case and review of the literature of published cases of RR myositis highlight the clinical course and presentation of RR myositis. This review highlights the importance of considering RR in the differential diagnosis when patients who are undergoing chemotherapy and radiation present with inflammatory changes in previously irradiated areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-240896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T12:25:28Z","timestamp":1620131128000},"page":"e240896","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Paraspinal radiation recall myositis after gemcitabine for pancreatic adenocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7150-3938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriel","family":"Barrios-Anderson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reshmitha","family":"Radhakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexei","family":"Shimanovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082701343073000_14.5.e240896.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-014-1996-1"},{"key":"2025082701343073000_14.5.e240896.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2018.36.15_suppl.e22109","article-title":"An attempt to better understand radiation recall events: a literature review","volume":"36","author":"Benyounes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Oncology"},{"key":"2025082701343073000_14.5.e240896.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2009-0090"},{"key":"2025082701343073000_14.5.e240896.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B1","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(85)90820-6","article-title":"Hypersensitivity reactions after barium enema examination Schwartz ee, Glick Sn, Foggs MB, Silverstein Gs: am J Roentgenol radiation ther Nucl Med 143:103, 1984","volume":"76","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"},{"key":"2025082701343073000_14.5.e240896.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.21037\/jgo.2017.10.12","article-title":"The nab-paclitaxel\/gemcitabine regimen for patients with refractory advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma","volume":"9","author":"Palacio","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"key":"2025082701343073000_14.5.e240896.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1078155212436591"},{"key":"2025082701343073000_14.5.e240896.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12233","article-title":"Gemcitabine-induced radiation recall myositis in a patient with dermatomyositis","volume":"17","author":"Graf","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2025082701343073000_14.5.e240896.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-7563.2009.01187.x","article-title":"Gemcitabine-induced radiation recall in the treatment of pancreatic cancer","volume":"5","author":"Wan Zainon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2025082701343073000_14.5.e240896.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-13-3"},{"key":"2025082701343073000_14.5.e240896.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.23374","article-title":"Radiation recall myositis in pediatric Ewing sarcoma","volume":"59","author":"Hattangadi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"2025082701343073000_14.5.e240896.11","article-title":"Chemotherapy-Induced radiation recall myositis","volume":"10","author":"Indinnimeo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"2025082701343073000_14.5.e240896.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2016.06.006","article-title":"Gemcitabine-induced radiation recall myositis in a patient with relapsed nasopharyngeal carcinoma","volume":"7","author":"Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"2025082701343073000_14.5.e240896.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2012.12.009"},{"key":"2025082701343073000_14.5.e240896.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mujtaba B , Narayanan S , Eugene Koay J , Koay JE , et al . 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