{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T22:49:29Z","timestamp":1793573369563,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We report the case of a 6-month-old girl who presented with recurrent pneumonia and growth failure. After full examination, she was diagnosed with long-standing, unrecognised tracheal foreign body, which was then successfully removed. However, her chronic respiratory symptoms did not improve, and she also had feeding intolerance. The persistence of symptoms indicated a second bronchoscopy and finally an acquired tracheo-oesophageal fistula was diagnosed. This case emphasises the challenges in diagnosis of an inhaled foreign body in young children. Late diagnosis of this condition can cause significant morbidities. A high index of suspicion and careful investigation are very important to prevent long-term complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-240947","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T22:31:35Z","timestamp":1618957895000},"page":"e240947","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Acquired tracheo-oesophageal fistula in a child with unrecognised tracheal foreign body"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4853-7790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kanokpan","family":"Ruangnapa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanaporn","family":"Anuntaseree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kantara","family":"Saelim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5618-0619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pharsai","family":"Prasertsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082800155012000_14.4.e240947.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2016.08.018","article-title":"Long-Standing inhaled foreign bodies in children: characteristics and outcome","volume":"90","author":"Martin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"2025082800155012000_14.4.e240947.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2014.0354","article-title":"Complications of long-standing foreign body in the airway and their outcomes after endoscopic management: an experience of 20 cases","volume":"25","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A"},{"key":"2025082800155012000_14.4.e240947.3","first-page":"209","article-title":"Foreign body induced tracheoesophageal fistula in a pediatric patient with a misdiagnosis: case report and review of literature","volume":"53","author":"Tadesse","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ethiop Med J"},{"key":"2025082800155012000_14.4.e240947.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2004.01312.x","article-title":"Anesthetic management of the complications of previously undiagnosed ingested foreign body in a pediatric patient","volume":"14","author":"Somerville","year":"2004","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"2025082800155012000_14.4.e240947.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(98)00035-4","article-title":"Acquired tracheo-esophageal fistula in the pediatric population","volume":"44","author":"Birman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"2025082800155012000_14.4.e240947.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2013.07.026"},{"key":"2025082800155012000_14.4.e240947.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2004.01.006"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-240947","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T07:16:00Z","timestamp":1756365360000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-240947"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2020-240947"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2020-240947","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}}}