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Brain MRI depicted T2-weighted-hyperintensities in the subcortical white matter. The electroencephalogram demonstrated evidence of lateralised long interval periodic discharges. This patient had no past behavioural problems or poor academic performance. This case underlines the fact that, though subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a chronic disease, a rare fulminant form of SSPE might develop acutely and atypically, with an increased proclivity for HIV-infected patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-241205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T11:35:38Z","timestamp":1631532938000},"page":"e241205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Fulminant subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) presented with acute hemiparesis in a 13-year-old girl with perinatally acquired HIV infection"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6622-108X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tushar Ashok","family":"Vidhale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medicine, Grant Medical College and Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hemant R","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medicine, Grant Medical College and Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rohan","family":"Prafulla Jaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3566-0389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manas","family":"Pustake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medicine, Grant Medical College and Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082709341300000_14.9.e241205.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.78.916.63"},{"key":"2025082709341300000_14.9.e241205.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289703600306"},{"key":"2025082709341300000_14.9.e241205.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2012.486","article-title":"Fulminant subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in an individual with a perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"69","author":"Sivadasan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"2025082709341300000_14.9.e241205.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3121\/cmr.2016.1331"},{"key":"2025082709341300000_14.9.e241205.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1111\/jon199662122","article-title":"Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: role of electroencephalography and magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"6","author":"Koppel","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Neuroimaging"},{"key":"2025082709341300000_14.9.e241205.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000000750","article-title":"Myoclonus","volume":"25","author":"Caviness","year":"2019","journal-title":"Continuum"},{"key":"2025082709341300000_14.9.e241205.7","unstructured":"Benoit JL . 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