{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T07:40:25Z","timestamp":1756280425065,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A primary intraventricular haemorrhage (PIVH) usually presents with non-localised neurological symptoms since the haematoma is limited to the ventricles. However, it is sometimes associated with focal neurological signs, whose pathophysiologies are not confirmed. Here, we report on a case of PIVH who showed rare manifestations in the acute stage: upward gaze palsy and convergence insufficiency. The CT and MRI showed intraventricular haematoma without evidence of parenchymal haemorrhage, local mass effect around midbrain or hydrocephalus. There had been bilateral papilloedema, and it resolved along with improvement of the ophthalmic symptoms, suggesting a possible causal relation to increased intracranial pressure. The ophthalmic abnormalities suggested injury of the rostral part of the midbrain, especially the region around the dorsal midbrain tectum. It should be known that PIVH is one of the causes of acutely developing upward gaze palsy and convergence insufficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-241340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]],"date-time":"2021-10-12T17:50:18Z","timestamp":1634061018000},"page":"e241340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Upward gaze palsy and convergence insufficiency as a rare presentation of primary intraventricular haemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4246-0999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Tanimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Aizawa Hospital, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiromasa","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Aizawa Hospital, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Ebitani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Aizawa Hospital, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Aizawa Hospital, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082700011513000_14.10.e241340.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.535419"},{"key":"2025082700011513000_14.10.e241340.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1080\/14728222.2017.1397628","article-title":"Challenges for intraventricular hemorrhage research and emerging therapeutic targets","volume":"21","author":"Garton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Opin Ther Targets"},{"key":"2025082700011513000_14.10.e241340.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.132333"},{"key":"2025082700011513000_14.10.e241340.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20160779","article-title":"Isolated intraventricular haemorrhage in adults","volume":"90","author":"Barnaure","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"2025082700011513000_14.10.e241340.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-008-9070-2"},{"key":"2025082700011513000_14.10.e241340.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.17.5.872","article-title":"Primary intraventricular hemorrhage in adults","volume":"17","author":"Gates","year":"1986","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2025082700011513000_14.10.e241340.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0404.2002.1o118.x"},{"key":"2025082700011513000_14.10.e241340.8","first-page":"315","article-title":"Prognostic indicators in patients with primary intraventricular haemorrhage","volume":"55","author":"Hameed","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"2025082700011513000_14.10.e241340.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00628-7"},{"key":"2025082700011513000_14.10.e241340.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1989.tb03833.x","article-title":"Prognosis in solitary intraventricular haemorrhage. 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