{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:05:29Z","timestamp":1756339529613,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is a retrovirus associated with adult T-cell lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM\/TSP). In addition to HAM\/TSP and ATL, HTLV-I-associated encephalopathy and cerebellar involvement have been reported. We report a case of an 87-year-old Japanese woman presenting with progressive dysarthria and gait disturbance. Neurological examination showed word-finding difficulty, scanning speech, saccadic eye movements, ocular dysmetria, gaze-evoked nystagmus and bilateral dysmetria. There was no motor weakness or spasticity. HTLV-I antibody was detected in both her serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid neopterin (57\u2009pg\/mL) and IgG index (3.27) were significantly elevated. MRI showed cerebellar swelling. She was finally diagnosed with HTLV-I associated cerebellitis. Two courses of high-dose intravenous methylpredonine therapy attenuated cerebellar ataxia and cerebellar swelling. It suggests that cerebellitis can result from HTLV-I infection, regardless of the existence of ATL or HAM\/TSP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-241366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T12:51:57Z","timestamp":1623070317000},"page":"e241366","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cerebellitis in a human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 carrier: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Mizuma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kumiko","family":"Enokida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eiichiro","family":"Nagata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shunya","family":"Takizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082709411740000_14.6.e241366.1","first-page":"4644s","article-title":"Clinical diversity in adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma","volume":"45","author":"Takatsuki","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2025082709411740000_14.6.e241366.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)93147-8"},{"key":"2025082709411740000_14.6.e241366.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91298-5"},{"key":"2025082709411740000_14.6.e241366.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/v8010005","article-title":"Htlv-1, immune response and autoimmunity","volume":"8","author":"Quaresma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"2025082709411740000_14.6.e241366.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2007.02.006"},{"key":"2025082709411740000_14.6.e241366.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-8777-z","article-title":"Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-associated encephalopathy: an under-recognised cause of acute encephalitis? 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