{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T01:56:58Z","timestamp":1780624618373,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 20-year-old woman presented following an intentional overdose of valproic acid. Use of valproic acid, either acute or chronic, can result in hyperammonaemia. Mild hyperammonaemia with chronic use is mostly asymptomatic but can also present with concern for encephalopathy. Acute valproic acid toxicity results in significant hyperammonaemia, which can contribute to encephalopathy. Levocarnitine is the treatment of choice in valproic acid toxicity-related hyperammonaemia. For severe cases of encephalopathy, intermittent haemodialysis can also be considered. To our knowledge, this is the first case report to clearly show symptom relapse and hyperammonaemia after discontinuing levocarnitine. We recommend levocarnitine therapy for at least 72 hours, followed by an additional 24 hours of monitoring for symptom relapse and hyperammonaemia after levocarnitine discontinuation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-241547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T13:17:18Z","timestamp":1618838238000},"page":"e241547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Managing valproic acid toxicity-related hyperammonaemia: an unpredicted course"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Pagali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine - Division of Hospital Internal Medicine & Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Edquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine - Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"O'Rourke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082723454493000_14.4.e241547.1","unstructured":"Mayo Clinic . 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