{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T13:02:47Z","timestamp":1775134967959,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic histiocytic intervillositis (CHI) is a rare placental disorder associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and high recurrence rates in subsequent pregnancies. We discuss a case of CHI diagnosed incidentally in a young primigravida who presented with a first trimester miscarriage. CHI is usually diagnosed after an adverse pregnancy outcome by microscopic placental histopathology. Currently, CHI is a poorly understood condition by clinicians in many aspects, including its aetiology and subsequent management of patients in their future pregnancies. This is due to the lack of awareness and underdiagnosis of CHI among general pathologists and obstetricians. The authors would like to highlight this interesting case to encourage more research on CHI to understand its pathophysiology and optimal management better. Clinicians should also focus on providing holistic care to this group of patients by considering the impact of adverse pregnancy outcomes on their emotional well-being.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-241637","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]],"date-time":"2021-04-13T14:37:04Z","timestamp":1618324624000},"page":"e241637","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Chronic histiocytic intervillositis (CHI): an under-recognised condition with potential serious sequelae in pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2993-9711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ai Xin","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian Run Yi","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chye Lee","family":"Kho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8541-6704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kim Teng","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082700394801000_14.4.e241637.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/863482","article-title":"Value of histopathologic examination of uterine products after first-trimester miscarriage","volume":"2014","author":"Alsibiani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"2025082700394801000_14.4.e241637.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e197","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002899","article-title":"ACOG practice Bulletin No. 200: early pregnancy loss","volume":"132","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2025082700394801000_14.4.e241637.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2016-217886","article-title":"Successful pregnancy following treatment of recurrent chronic histiocytic intervillositis","volume":"2017","author":"Vardi","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"2025082700394801000_14.4.e241637.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(00)80009-X"},{"key":"2025082700394801000_14.4.e241637.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2010.11.021","article-title":"Chronic histiocytic intervillositis of unknown etiology: clinical features in a consecutive series of 69 cases","volume":"32","author":"Marchaudon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"2025082700394801000_14.4.e241637.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13404","article-title":"Chronic histiocytic intervillositis in three consecutive pregnancies in a single patient: differing clinical results and pathology according to treatment used","volume":"43","author":"Ozawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"2025082700394801000_14.4.e241637.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12796","article-title":"Placental pathologic lesions with a significant recurrence risk - what not to miss!","volume":"126","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"2025082700394801000_14.4.e241637.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2015-0225-CC","article-title":"Sampling and definitions of placental lesions: Amsterdam placental workshop group consensus statement","volume":"140","author":"Khong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"2025082700394801000_14.4.e241637.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2014.939267","article-title":"Chronic histiocytic intervillositis: outcome, associated diseases and treatment in a multicenter prospective study","volume":"48","author":"Mekinian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"2025082700394801000_14.4.e241637.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2019.12.020","article-title":"Is chronic histiocytic intervillositis a severe placental disease? 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