{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T02:48:10Z","timestamp":1761965290930,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chylothorax has rarely been reported as a pleuropulmonary complication of Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinaemia (WM). In general, when a unilateral effusion is discovered particularly in patients with a history of cancer or active malignancy, a broad differential including chylothorax needs to be considered. We present the case of a 50-year-old woman found to have chylothorax secondary to progression of WM as confirmed by cytology and presence of MYD88 L265P mutation in the pleural fluid specimen and subsequent resolution with chemotherapy. This review centres particularly on non-traumatic causes of chylothorax with a focus on WM and includes a unique patient perspective.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-241707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T11:50:56Z","timestamp":1620388256000},"page":"e241707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Chylothorax as a complication of Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinaemia with a patient\u2019s perspective"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5295-3020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phillip","family":"Gary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA"},{"name":"Pulmonary and Critical Care, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"Gianniosis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary, Mayo Clinic Minnesota, Rochester, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(21)00347-6","article-title":"Chylothorax and pseudochylothorax","volume":"6","author":"Sassoon","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/84.2.129"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/80.7.867"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e31815d2634"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.5","first-page":"700","article-title":"The lipoprotein profile of chylous and nonchylous pleural effusions","volume":"55","author":"Staats","year":"1980","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.102.2.586"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.7","first-page":"599","article-title":"Malignancy-Associated chylothorax: a 20-year study of 18 patients from a single institution","volume":"21","author":"Teng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Care"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107688607900117"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.9","first-page":"437","article-title":"Macroglobulinemia--a review","volume":"71","author":"Waldenstr\u00f6m","year":"1986","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(03)01246-4"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.11","first-page":"56","article-title":"Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia","volume":"13","author":"Kasi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Adv Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2001.03144.x"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830090208","article-title":"Pulmonary manifestations of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia","volume":"9","author":"Rausch","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.4.1546"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2019.08.014","article-title":"Clinical approach and review of causes of a chylothorax","volume":"157","author":"Riley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2007.04.024"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2016.12.012","article-title":"Interventional radiology in the management of thoracic duct injuries: anatomy, techniques and results","volume":"42","author":"Toliyat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2016.07.84","article-title":"Characteristics of patients with pseudochylothorax-a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Lama","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezv041"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afu061"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.21","article-title":"Chylothorax as an initial manifestation of Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia","volume":"12","author":"Rodriguez Botero","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-06-436329"},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.23","unstructured":"Kumar SK et al . NCCN guidelines NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology Waldenstr\u00f6m Macroglobulinemia\/Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. version 1 2021."},{"key":"2025082802314448000_14.5.e241707.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1501548"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2021-241707","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T09:31:54Z","timestamp":1756373514000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2021-241707"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2021-241707"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2021-241707","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}}}