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Identifying (often multiple) sources of infection in immunocompromised patients is crucial but deciding whether multiple organisms, which in health are considered as commensals, are actually pathogenic during vulnerable states\u2014can be clinically difficult. Our case highlights the efforts to correctly identify the actual source of this rare organism and the recognition of its pathogenic potential when other illnesses present. We also review the literature of Corynebacteria in patients with haematological malignancies but believe this is the first case of AML to be infected with Corynebacterium presenting during the COVID-19 pandemic with a probable incidental positive swab for SARS-CoV-2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-242560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,11]],"date-time":"2021-06-11T10:38:30Z","timestamp":1623407910000},"page":"e242560","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Unusual source of recurrent Corynebacterium bacteraemia in an immunocompromised patient"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Abdul Rahim Ali","family":"Bakhsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medicine, Prince Philip Hospital, Llanelli, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keir Edward","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Medicine, Prince Philip Hospital, Llanelli, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.1","first-page":"232470961774423","article-title":"Recurrent lactobacillus bacteremia in a patient with leukemia","volume":"5","author":"Ambesh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-018-1947-x","article-title":"Meningitis in a patient with neutropenia due to Rothia mucilaginosa: a case report","volume":"13","author":"Clauwaert","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-003-0831-x"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-6-2-215"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01230"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr.11.2011.5097"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/18.5.845"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.1997.tb00470.x"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-0971(80)90035-2"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.08.206","article-title":"A case of Corynebacterium striatum disseminated infection and pneumonia in a patient with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"150","author":"Guy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.11","first-page":"2250","article-title":"[Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia complicated by concomitant Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Corynebacterium striatum bacteremia following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]","volume":"58","author":"Katayama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rinsho Ketsueki"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-020-00970-7","article-title":"Impact of hematologic malignancy and type of cancer therapy on COVID-19 severity and mortality: lessons from a large population-based registry study","volume":"13","author":"Garc\u00eda-Su\u00e1rez","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2020.100775","article-title":"When hematologic malignancies meet COVID-19 in the United States: infections, death and disparities","volume":"47","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood Rev"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2211.160141","article-title":"Multidrug-Resistant Corynebacterium striatum associated with increased use of parenteral antimicrobial drugs","volume":"22","author":"Hahn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.12.024"},{"key":"2025082623044303000_14.6.e242560.16","first-page":"157","article-title":"Mupirocin - 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