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Among the patients who had new-onset MG after administration of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors, 14 patients (38.8%) developed severe respiratory failure and required intubation and 10 patients (27.02%) died. Among the patients with exacerbation of pre-existing MG after receiving PD-1 inhibitors, 1 patient (11.1%) required intubation, and no death was reported. Combination IO therapy-induced MG was reported in seven cases, with at least two cases complicated by respiratory failure and one death. Our observations suggest a possible difference in the severity of the disease and outcome among different IO therapy options.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-243764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T13:31:26Z","timestamp":1629725486000},"page":"e243764","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Myasthenia gravis induced or exacerbated by immune checkpoint inhibitors: a rising concern"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Behnam","family":"Hajihossainlou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aurora Medical Center Bay Area, Marinette, Wisconsin, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alisa","family":"Vasileva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ballad Health, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2390-3221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sukesh","family":"Manthri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary Bird Perkins TGMC Cancer Center, Houma, Louisiana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kanishka","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082710394599000_14.8.e243764.1","first-page":"937","article-title":"L\u2019immunoth\u00e9rapie, une r\u00e9volution en oncologie - 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