{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:04:32Z","timestamp":1756425872149,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>M\u00fcllerian anomalies such as Robert\u2019s uterus, which was first described by the French gynaecologist Dr Helene Robert in 1969, are rare clinical entities and have been reported in &lt;3% of the female population. Robert\u2019s uterus is a rare phenomenon with a relative dearth of reported cases. Affected individuals may present with pelvic pain and dysmenorrhoea that intensifies near menses or acutely, with severe abdominal pain to the emergency department. They are also associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, abnormal fetal presentation, preterm labour, recurrent pregnancy loss and infertility. Although ultrasound has a role in its initial assessment, MRI is the best modality to further delineate its anatomy. It is typically managed via laparotomy and total horn resection, endometrectomy of the blind cavity or abdominal metroplasty. The authors present the case of a 40-year-old woman at 19+3 weeks gestation with acute onset of left-sided abdominal pain. A transvaginal ultrasound and MRI of the pelvis confirmed a Robert\u2019s uterus with a viable pregnancy in the upper left horn. She developed a ruptured horn with significant haemoperitoneum. An emergency laparotomy was performed and a non-viable fetus was evident. Only a few cases of pregnancy in the blind hemicavity have been reported so far. This case also highlights the importance of considering this diagnosis in young females presenting with dysmenorrhoea and normal menstrual flow. It is imperative to render a prompt diagnosis, as minimally invasive procedures may be more effective if detected before the formation of adnexal endometriomas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-244237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T12:15:25Z","timestamp":1651839325000},"page":"e244237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Robert\u2019s uterus (asymmetric septate uterus): a rare congenital M\u00fcllerian duct anomaly"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5499-415X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louise","family":"Dunphy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fetal Medicine, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sian","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elspeth H","family":"Whitby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umber","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fetal Medicine, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u017darko","family":"Alfirevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fetal Medicine, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-007-0389-2"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.2","first-page":"290","article-title":"Severe hemoperitoneum during pregnancy with obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly syndrome: a case report","volume":"61","author":"Muraoka","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016348209156548"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1990.tb02480.x"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.5","first-page":"767","article-title":"Uterus cloisonne avec cavite borgne sans hematometrie","volume":"39","author":"Robert","year":"1969","journal-title":"CR Soc Fr Gynecol"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.6","first-page":"1117","article-title":"Une observation complementaire d\u2019uterus asymetriquement cloisonne. Role de l\u2019isthme dans le declenchement de la menstruation","volume":"3","author":"Musset","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.09.025","article-title":"ASRM M\u00fcllerian anomalies classification 2021","volume":"116","author":"Pfeifer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2015.09.006","article-title":"An exceptional case of complete septate uterus with unilateral cervical aplasia (class U2bC3V0\/ESHRE\/ESGE classification) and isolated Mullerian remnants: combined hysteroscopic and laparoscopic treatment","volume":"23","author":"Di Spiezio Sardo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.15976","article-title":"Robert's uterus: modern imaging techniques and ultrasound-guided hysteroscopic treatment without laparoscopy or laparotomy","volume":"48","author":"Ludwin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.10","unstructured":"Schoenwolf G , Bleyl S , Brauer P . Chapter 16. development of the reproductive system. In: Larsen\u2019s Embryology. 5th edn. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 2020: 413\u20135."},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(02)00238-5"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1007\/s42399-021-00726-5","article-title":"Live Birth After Metroplasty and Assisted Reproduction in Robert\u2019s Uterus\u2014a Precious Pregnancy Rarely Reported: Case Presentation","volume":"3","author":"Bagga","year":"2021","journal-title":"SN Compr Clin Med"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0382-6","article-title":"Reproductive outcomes in women with unicornuate uterus undergoing in vitro fertilization: a nested case-control retrospective study","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.3109\/01443615.2011.593653","article-title":"Favourable pregnancy outcome after endometrectomy for a Robert's uterus","volume":"31","author":"Vural","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2017.07.015","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes of women with a congenital unicornuate uterus after IVF-embryo transfer","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3427","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060519850422","article-title":"Pregnancy in a blind hemi-cavity of Robert's uterus with ipsilateral renal agenesis: a case report and literature review","volume":"47","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"2025082804265852000_15.5.e244237.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)59364-9","article-title":"Hysteroscopy for metroplasty of uterine septa: report of 24 cases","volume":"48","author":"Perino","year":"1987","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2021-244237","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T11:27:11Z","timestamp":1756380431000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2021-244237"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2021-244237"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2021-244237","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}}}