{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T01:17:16Z","timestamp":1771550236707,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) generally presents in the third trimester with pruritus without a rash, characterised by elevated bile acids, with or without transaminitis and hyperbilirubinaemia. Risk factors include a family history of cholestasis, South Asian ethnicity, multifetal gestation, in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and history of hepatitis or biliary disorders.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>IVF involves the use of high dose gonadotropin stimulation and human chorionic gonadotropin trigger. High doses of progesterone supplementation are additionally given after embryo transfer. The increase in oestrogen and progesterone levels early on in the pregnancy is a possible explanation for the development of ICP in IVF pregnancies at earlier gestations.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>We present a rare case of iatrogenic ICP presenting in the first trimester in a pregnancy conceived by IVF. Unlike other cases reported, our patient did not have recurrence of ICP in the third trimester, and also had no history of ICP in her first pregnancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-244254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]],"date-time":"2021-07-07T12:55:26Z","timestamp":1625662526000},"page":"e244254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Rare case of obstetric cholestasis presenting in the first trimester following in vitro fertilisation"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3009-0329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krystal","family":"Koh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajeswari","family":"Kathirvel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore"},{"name":"NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manisha","family":"Mathur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore"},{"name":"NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082700334550000_14.7.e244254.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/tog.12308","article-title":"Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy","volume":"18","author":"Geenes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obstet 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