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We present a case of prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by <jats:italic>Corynebacterium freneyi<\/jats:italic>, a very rare cause of human infection and not previously reported as a cause of IE. Despite proper antibiotic therapy, the patient eventually needed surgery after progression of the infection. After surgery, he quickly recovered without evidence of relapse during an 8-month follow-up period. This report highlights critical decision making in a complex and potentially life-threatening situation, where neither guidelines nor previous clinical or microbiological experience were able to give clear treatment recommendations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-245152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]],"date-time":"2021-11-11T07:16:33Z","timestamp":1636614993000},"page":"e245152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["<i>Corynebacterium freneyi<\/i> as a cause of early prosthetic valve endocarditis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2984-6865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bj\u00f8rnar","family":"Grenne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Cardiology, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Circulation 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