{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T12:41:25Z","timestamp":1776429685638,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Poor sanitation and contaminated food and water are major risk factors for several infectious diseases like enteric fever and hepatitis A, but their coinfection is uncommon. Although the liver is frequently affected in typhoid fever, substantial hepatic dysfunction in an appropriately treated patient is uncommon. Our patient had high-grade fever with mild transaminitis and blood culture that grew <jats:italic>Salmonella typhi<\/jats:italic>. Despite being treated with culture-sensitive antibiotic at adequate dosage, he developed jaundice and had worsening transaminitis (&gt;1000\u2009IU\/L) which was suggestive of hepatotropic virus infection. Hepatitis A IgM was positive. He was treated appropriately with which clinical and laboratory parameters resolved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-246279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]],"date-time":"2022-02-07T11:34:45Z","timestamp":1644233685000},"page":"e246279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Coinfection of enteric fever and hepatitis A"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Bhagya","family":"Lakxmi C","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Cochin, Kerala, India"},{"name":"General Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham-Kochi Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akash Thomas","family":"Oomen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Cochin, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M Gopalakrishna","family":"Pillai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Cochin, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.4103\/1755-6783.105163","article-title":"Co-existence of typhoid fever and hepatitis A","volume":"5","author":"Zaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S12","DOI":"10.2310\/7060.2005.12053","article-title":"Overlapping epidemiologies of hepatitis A and typhoid fever: the needs of the traveler","volume":"12","author":"Luxemburger","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-004-0021-6"},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.4","first-page":"413","article-title":"The spectrum of hepatic injury in enteric fever","volume":"83","author":"Khosla","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.5","unstructured":"Bell BP , Feinstone SM . Hepatitis A vaccine. Virus description. In: Plotkin S , ed. Vaccines. 4th edn. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders, 2004: 269\u201397."},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.6","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Hepatitis A, 2019. Available: www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/pubs\/pinkbook\/hepa.html"},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21052"},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.8","first-page":"807","article-title":"Hepatic manifestations in typhoid fever","volume":"31","author":"Jagadish","year":"1994","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-008-0079-5","article-title":"Typhoid fever and viral hepatitis","volume":"75","author":"Mishra","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.10","first-page":"884","article-title":"IAP Task force report: management of enteric fever in children","volume":"43","author":"Kundu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.11","unstructured":"Bhat D , Dhooria GS , Bains HS . CO-Infection of hepatitis A and E with Salmonella infection (case report)."},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.12","first-page":"6","article-title":"Co-Infection of hepatitis A with Salmonella infection: a case report","volume":"2021","author":"Tipu Chowdhury","year":"1977","journal-title":"Ann Clin Case Rep"},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1596-3519.68361"},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prakash N , Mittra H , Prakash J . API medicine update 2021:1137\u201340.","DOI":"10.1007\/s41478-020-00301-6"},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.15","first-page":"2180","article-title":"Adult immunization in India: importance and recommendations","volume":"11","author":"Verma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics"},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-4065.181296","article-title":"Guidelines for vaccination in normal adults in India","volume":"26","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Nephrol"},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.17","unstructured":"Iamat.org. 2021. India: Typhoid Fever | IAMAT. [online]. Available: https:\/\/www.iamat.org\/country\/india\/risk\/typhoid-fever [Accessed 10 Nov 2021]."},{"key":"2025082804072790000_15.2.e246279.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_411_18"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2021-246279","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T11:07:38Z","timestamp":1756379258000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2021-246279"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2021-246279"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2021-246279","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}}}