{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:03:04Z","timestamp":1790690584858,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) poses a minimal but important risk for tumour transformation, typically occurring 8\u201310 years after the treatment. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST) is the most common tumour arising from a vestibular schwannoma treated with SRS, with only 14 cases previously reported. We present the fifteenth case and describe its evolution and clinical course. A 56-year-old man without a history of neurofibromatosis was diagnosed 9\u2009years prior with a vestibular schwannoma. SRS to the residual tumour was given 3\u2009months later. During the current hospitalisation, he was reoperated where histology confirmed a MPNST. All 15 MPNST cases were analysed, showing a 77% female predominance presenting a malignant transformation at a mean age of 51. The diagnosis was made at a mean time of 74 months after SRS. The mean survival time after diagnosis was 16 months. MPNST arising from benign vestibular schwannoma after SRS treatment is an uncommon but devastating complication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-246445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]],"date-time":"2021-11-11T07:17:07Z","timestamp":1636615027000},"page":"e246445","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour transformation of histological benign vestibular schwannoma after stereotactic radiosurgery in patients without neurofibromatosis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Orlando","family":"De Jesus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 G","family":"S\u00e1nchez Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3295-096X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Santiago Qui\u00f1ones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rom\u00e1n","family":"V\u00e9lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082803212619000_14.11.e246445.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.89.6.0944","article-title":"Vestibular schwannoma management. 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