{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:06:06Z","timestamp":1790665566259,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Mycoplasma hominis<\/jats:italic> is one of the most common commensal organisms of the genitourinary tract. Immunocompromised patients are susceptible to developing severe infections secondary to <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic>, and rarely, septic arthritis. This case report describes the occurrence of septic arthritis secondary to <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic> in a 27-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), who presented with a 2-week history of left elbow swelling and tenderness, elevated inflammatory markers and joint aspiration findings consistent with infection. Serial blood cultures were negative. She was treated with flucloxacillin; however, failed to respond and so doxycycline was added to cover for atypical organisms. Subsequently, PCR analysis from the joint aspirate found <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic> on day 16. Fortunately, doxycycline was an effective treatment for this atypical organism. This case outlines the importance of considering atypical organisms such as <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic> as a cause of septic arthritis in immunosuppressed patients especially those with SLE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-247675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T10:46:29Z","timestamp":1642589189000},"page":"e247675","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Septic arthritis caused by <i>Mycoplasma hominis<\/i> in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0801-6974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan Malcolm","family":"Hum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kellgren Centre for Rheumatology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajira","family":"Iftikhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kellgren Centre for Rheumatology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kellgren Centre for Rheumatology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kellgren Centre for Rheumatology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082700134732000_15.1.e247675.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822001000300003","article-title":"Frequency of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum infections in women with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"34","author":"Machado","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"2025082700134732000_15.1.e247675.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.56.11.699"},{"key":"2025082700134732000_15.1.e247675.3","first-page":"224","article-title":"Septic arthritis due to Mycoplasma hominis","volume":"60","author":"Verinder","year":"1978","journal-title":"The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"},{"key":"2025082700134732000_15.1.e247675.4","first-page":"2692","volume-title":"Feigin and Cherry\u2019s Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases ed 7 Philadelphia, Saunders","volume":"2","author":"Cherry","year":"2013"},{"key":"2025082700134732000_15.1.e247675.5","first-page":"256","article-title":"Evaluation of culture media for the recovery of Mycoplasma hominis from the human urogenital tract","volume":"10","author":"Tully","year":"1983","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"2025082700134732000_15.1.e247675.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2006.04.003"},{"key":"2025082700134732000_15.1.e247675.7","unstructured":"England PH . 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London: Bailliere Tindall, 1990: 19\u201338."},{"key":"2025082700134732000_15.1.e247675.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clind\/15.3.402"},{"key":"2025082700134732000_15.1.e247675.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(89)80164-0"},{"key":"2025082700134732000_15.1.e247675.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-237798","article-title":"Mycoplasma hominis septic arthritis in a patient with hypogammaglobinaemia and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"14","author":"Bozo","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"2025082700134732000_15.1.e247675.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.12.4328-4331.2001"},{"key":"2025082700134732000_15.1.e247675.14","first-page":"36","article-title":"Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of genital Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in a university hospital in turkey","volume":"33","author":"Karabay","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2025082700134732000_15.1.e247675.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2253","article-title":"Fatal outcome of a disseminated dual infection with drug-resistant Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma parvum originating from a septic arthritis in an immunocompromised patient","volume":"14 Suppl 3","author":"MacKenzie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025082700134732000_15.1.e247675.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-019-04451-6","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of mycoplasmal septic arthritis: a systematic review","volume":"44","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Orthop"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2021-247675","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T07:13:56Z","timestamp":1756278836000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2021-247675"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2021-247675"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2021-247675","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}}}