{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T08:03:26Z","timestamp":1776585806190,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A patient, an adolescent male, presented to us with complaints of recurrent respiratory tract infections since childhood. Differentials considered were cystic fibrosis (CF), bronchial asthma with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and primary immunodeficiency disorders. Sweat chloride test, total IgE and <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic> specific serum IgE and IgG levels were normal ruling out CF and ABPA. Nasal nitric oxide (NO) screening test showed reduced NO levels, and high-speed video microscopy of nasal scrapings showed stiff beating cilia with reduced ciliary beat frequency confirming the diagnosis of PCD. Immunodeficiency workup showed reduced serum IgG, IgA and IgM, when repeated on two separate occasions when the patient was not harbouring any active infection, suggestive of pan-hypogammaglobulinaemia. Thus, a diagnosis of coexistent PCD and pan-hypogammaglobulinaemia was made. Detection of immunodeficiency disorders is important in patients with PCD as they may benefit from immunoglobulin replacement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2022-248812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]],"date-time":"2022-05-24T12:16:22Z","timestamp":1653394582000},"page":"e248812","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Coexistence of pan-hypogammaglobulinaemia and primary ciliary dyskinesia"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9715-0141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Swasthi","family":"S Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7498-9112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Animesh","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sushil Kumar","family":"Kabra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanjeev","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082722404825000_15.5.e248812.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.052132ba","article-title":"Prevalence and genetics of immotile-cilia syndrome and left-handedness","volume":"50","author":"Afzelius","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Dev Biol"},{"key":"2025082722404825000_15.5.e248812.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.11.040","article-title":"Understanding primary ciliary dyskinesia and other ciliopathies","volume":"230","author":"Horani","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2025082722404825000_15.5.e248812.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200303-365OC"},{"key":"2025082722404825000_15.5.e248812.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01090-2016"},{"key":"2025082722404825000_15.5.e248812.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201805-0819ST"},{"key":"2025082722404825000_15.5.e248812.6","first-page":"73","article-title":"Cavitary lung lesions in a difficult-to-treat asthma patient","volume":"64","author":"Ragesh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"2025082722404825000_15.5.e248812.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00749-2015"},{"key":"2025082722404825000_15.5.e248812.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00127704"},{"key":"2025082722404825000_15.5.e248812.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2045-7022-3-1"},{"key":"2025082722404825000_15.5.e248812.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-2396"},{"key":"2025082722404825000_15.5.e248812.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2002.124999"},{"key":"2025082722404825000_15.5.e248812.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.4168\/aard.2013.1.3.288","article-title":"Kartagener\u2019s syndrome with immunoglobulin G subclass deficiency","volume":"1","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Respir Dis"},{"key":"2025082722404825000_15.5.e248812.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.132.4_MeetingAbstracts.608b","article-title":"Primary ciliary dyskinesia in association with IgG deficiency","volume":"132","author":"Reddy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2025082722404825000_15.5.e248812.14","unstructured":"Zibert J , Hayat S , Polineni D . Evaluation for primary immunodeficiency in a patient with a historical diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia. InB45. obstructive lung disease: interesting cases. American Thoracic Society, 2016: A3606."}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2022-248812","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T05:40:59Z","timestamp":1756359659000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2022-248812"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2022-248812"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2022-248812","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}}}