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We describe the case of an initially asymptomatic elderly man who was found to have a bronchogenic cyst on routine surveillance imaging, culminating in the rapid enlargement and malignant transformation of the cyst, ultimately resulting in a technically difficult and challenging surgical resection. The malignant transformation of these bronchogenic cysts is exceedingly rare, with only a few well-documented cases reported in the literature. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a squamous cell carcinoma arising from a bronchogenic cyst in the paratracheal region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2022-248916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]],"date-time":"2022-04-04T12:06:11Z","timestamp":1649073971000},"page":"e248916","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Bronchogenic cyst: a rare case of malignant transformation"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jack","family":"Whooley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Soo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082704014336000_15.4.e248916.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.179.1.1790167","article-title":"Intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst: CT and pathologic findings in five adult patients","volume":"179","author":"Yoon","year":"2002","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2025082704014336000_15.4.e248916.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.186.2.8421745","article-title":"Mediastinal bronchogenic cyst: demonstration of a fluid-fluid level at MR imaging","volume":"186","author":"Lyon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2025082704014336000_15.4.e248916.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.22.suppl_1.g02oc26s25"},{"key":"2025082704014336000_15.4.e248916.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lucaya J , Baert AL , Strife JL . 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