{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:03:11Z","timestamp":1756339391389,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A postmenopausal woman in her 60s was referred due to an elevated haemoglobin value found during her annual check-up. On physical examination, characteristic features of hyperandrogenism were observed which were not earlier mentioned. Laboratory investigations revealed polycythaemia accompanied by a normal erythropoietin and a negative analysis for JAK2-V617F mutation. A disproportionally and markedly elevated testosterone in combination with normal levels of adrenal androgens raised the suspicion of an ovarian source. CT scan showed nodular hyperdense lesions in both ovaries. A bilateral oophorectomy was performed and histological evaluation unfolded a Leydig cell ovarian tumour. Testosterone levels and haematological parameters normalised after surgery. Polycythaemia secondary to hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal women is an extremely rare condition and patients should be carefully analysed for the presence of androgen-secreting neoplasms. Diagnosis of the underlying pathology requires careful history, physical examination and comprehensive investigation. Treatment for this condition is surgery and resolves polycythaemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2022-249651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]],"date-time":"2022-07-15T12:40:14Z","timestamp":1657888814000},"page":"e249651","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hyperandrogenism due to ovarian Leydig cell tumour presenting with polycythaemia"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ay\u015fe Y","family":"Demir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, Meander Medical Centre, Amersfoort, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bas B","family":"Blok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Meander Medical Centre, Amersfoort, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Egbert A","family":"Brinkhuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Meander Medical Centre, Amersfoort, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine P","family":"Oldenburg-Ligtenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Meander Medical Centre, Amersfoort, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082701164754000_15.7.e249651.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2015.03.007","article-title":"The clinical and laboratory evaluation of the patient with erythrocytosis","volume":"26","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"2025082701164754000_15.7.e249651.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000903","article-title":"Androgens in 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