{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T16:27:59Z","timestamp":1772641679430,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A woman in her 70s with a history of Crohn\u2019s disease presented to the emergency department with dyspnoea, cough and intermittent fevers. Evaluation revealed a pleural effusion with neutrophil predominance, and initial suspicion of infection prompted a short course of antibiotic therapy. However, the patient subsequently developed recurrent pleural effusion with eosinophilic predominance. Serological data confirmed a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the patient was started on appropriate treatment.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>This case presents an initial manifestation of eosinophilic-dominant pleural effusion in SLE. Current guidelines in treating pleural effusions do not explore rheumatological causes. However, we believe that our case demonstrates the value of a prompt investigation for rheumatological aetiologies in an otherwise unclassified eosinophilic-predominant pleural effusion. Such an investigation should include serological data as an important confirmatory marker for the diagnosis of SLE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2022-251136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,4]],"date-time":"2022-11-04T11:11:10Z","timestamp":1667560270000},"page":"e251136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus with early manifestation of an eosinophilic pleural effusion"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7136-0850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gene","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine and Physiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moreen","family":"Matti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine and Physiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saeed","family":"Ghassemzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine and Physiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Nobari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine and Physiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA"},{"name":"Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082711534000000_15.11.e251136.1","first-page":"330","article-title":"Manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"6","author":"Cojocaru","year":"2011","journal-title":"Maedica"},{"key":"2025082711534000000_15.11.e251136.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3919","article-title":"Unmet medical needs in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"14 Suppl 4","author":"Lateef","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"2025082711534000000_15.11.e251136.3","first-page":"i3","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus diagnosis and management","volume":"56","author":"Thong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"2025082711534000000_15.11.e251136.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.84.6.714"},{"key":"2025082711534000000_15.11.e251136.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.1886-18"},{"key":"2025082711534000000_15.11.e251136.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalomenidis I , Light RW . 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