{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T06:40:04Z","timestamp":1756363204262,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sialolithiasis is the formation of a stone within the salivary gland, and approximately 80% of them occur within the submandibular gland. Sialolithiasis can lead to swelling and pain of the gland in the immediate phase and if left untreated, can lead to sialadenitis and even atrophy of the gland. Certain factors have already been established in the formation of sialolithiasis such as dehydration, tobacco smoke, autoimmune disorders and certain medications. One factor we theorise contributes to the formation of sialolithiasis is bony outgrowths on the tongue surface of the jaw, called mandibular tori. These outgrowths can lead to external compression of the submandibular duct, which leads to impeded salivary flow and the potential for sialolith formation. We present two cases in which individuals had submandibular sialolithiasis in the setting of extensive mandibular tori.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2022-252124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T09:50:13Z","timestamp":1676886613000},"page":"e252124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Torus mandibularis and its implication as a risk factor for the formation of sialolithiasis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7769-6718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy Brandon","family":"Shaver","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arjun S","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082723210167000_16.2.e252124.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(05)70175-4"},{"key":"2025082723210167000_16.2.e252124.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599811415489"},{"key":"2025082723210167000_16.2.e252124.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cden.2019.08.007","article-title":"Salivary gland diseases","volume":"64","author":"Ogle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dent Clin North Am"},{"key":"2025082723210167000_16.2.e252124.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2015.01.010","article-title":"Systemic diseases and the risk of developing salivary stones: a case control study","volume":"119","author":"Kraaij","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"2025082723210167000_16.2.e252124.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1159\/000149836","article-title":"Sialolithiasis and primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"70","author":"Stack","year":"2008","journal-title":"ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec"},{"key":"2025082723210167000_16.2.e252124.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13310","article-title":"A case-control study of the association between sialolithiasis and osteoporosis","volume":"44","author":"Hung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2025082723210167000_16.2.e252124.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2015.1129068"},{"key":"2025082723210167000_16.2.e252124.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599817697045","article-title":"The role of fetuin-A and electrolytes in the etiology of sialolithiasis","volume":"156","author":"Demirhan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"2025082723210167000_16.2.e252124.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1177\/1971400920978431","article-title":"Giant Torus mandibularis causing submandibular duct obstruction and sialadenitis","volume":"34","author":"Madhavan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroradiol J"},{"key":"2025082723210167000_16.2.e252124.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818813101","article-title":"In-office versus operating room sialendoscopy: comparison of outcomes, patient time burden, and charge analysis","volume":"160","author":"Coniglio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2022-252124","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T06:21:09Z","timestamp":1756362069000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2022-252124"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2022-252124"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2022-252124","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}}}